34 BULLETIN 1189, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



ductive; the fruit as oblong to oblong conic, medium to large in size, with a 

 pale-yellow ground color washed over practically the entire surface with mixed 

 red striped with dark purplish red; the flesh as rather fine grained, juicy, 

 sprightly subacid in flavor, and its dessert quality good to very good. Its 

 season is the last of June and the first part of July in the Gulf Coastal Plains 

 region in Tennessee. 



Where an apple of the Red June type is wanted this variety should prove 

 more desirable than Red June because of its larger size and better carrying 

 quality. 



Collins. Synonym: Champion. 



Throughout all the regions of the area the Collins variety is found in com- 

 mercial orchards. 



The tree is similar to that of the Ben Davis and is an annual bearer in 

 northern Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky. The fruit, like that of the 

 Ben Davis, is very subject to apple-blotch fungus, black-rot, and bitter-rot 

 in Tennessee and Kentucky. The fruit is small to medium in size, oblate, 

 usually very attractive red in color, and poor in dessert quality. It keeps well 

 into the winter in southern Tennessee and is a late winter apple farther north. 



Were the fruit of higher quality, this variety would doubtless prove of 

 value because of its productiveness, good keeping quality, and high color. The 

 Winesap is, however, its equal or superior in all these respects in this area and 

 should be grown in its stead. In West Virginia the Collins is not a sure bearer, 

 is not well colored, and is surpassed by many other varieties. 

 Deacon Jones. 



The Deacon Jones apple, resembling the Black Gilliflower in fruit, is found 

 in a few orchards of northern West Virginia. 



The tree is vigorous, upright spreading, rather open with drooping, slender 

 branches, and productive. The fruit is large, uniform oblong conic in shape, 

 usually entirely covered with an attractive deep-red color. Its season is early 

 winter in northern West Virginia. 



The dessert quality of this variety is too poor and its flesh too coarse to 

 make it desirable in this area, although in New York State it is considered 

 worthy of trial as a general purpose market apple (24, p. 180). 

 Delicious. 



During the past few years the Delicious variety has been planted in all 

 parts of this area, as well as throughout most other parts of the country. 

 Most of the plantings have been small, though it forms a part of many large 

 commercial orchards. Few of these orchards are in full bearing as yet. How- 

 ever, a sufficient number of bearing trees distributed throughout this area 

 have been seen to note its behavior on young trees. 



The tree has been uniformly one of the best and is superior to that of 

 most varieties on almost every type of orchard soil. It is vigorous, uniformly 

 healthy, and upright, spreading in growth with strong branches. On the poorer 

 types of soil it is an early bearer, and in Kentucky and Tennessee an annual 

 bearer. On some strong clay soils in West Virginia it frequently does not 

 come into bearing until 8 or 9 years old. On the poorer soils, however, and 

 on some of the richer soils it bears at an earlier age, good crops being borne 

 on 7-year-old trees. It is one of the most resistant to blight, and the foliage is 

 very resistant to apple rust. 



The fruit is large and not very subject to apple blotch, black-rot, or bitter-rot. 

 Its color is a handsome red over nearly the whole surface. The flesh is fine 

 grained, juicy, very mild subacid, and its dessert quality is very good. In 

 southern Tennessee it ripens during the last of August and the first part of 

 September. If placed promptly in cold storage it will keep throughout the fall. 

 In the regions farther north, in the East Tennessee Valley region, and in cen- 

 tral and eastern Kentucky it is picked the latter part of September, and its 

 season lasts through October without cold storage and longer with cold storage. 

 In West Virginia it is usually picked during the latter part of September and 

 may be held in cold storage till Christmas or a little later. 



The chief faults of the Delicious in this area are that it is distinctly a dessert 

 apple, not a cooking variety, and that in common storage it loses its high 

 dessert quality rather quickly. It also lacks the acid of many of the best 

 dessert apples. Because of its early bearing, productiveness, and the high qual- 

 ity of its fruit it will be an important variety in all regions. It is probable, 

 however, that it is not adapted to altitudes much exceeding 3,000 feet Id this 

 area, for in southwestern Virginia at 3,300 feet it does not always mature 



