UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



DEPARTMENT BULLETIN No. 1189 



Washington, D. C. 



December, 1923 



FRUITS IN WEST VIRGINIA, KENTUCKY, AND TENNESSEE. 



By George M. Dabeow, 1 Pomologist. Office of Horticultural Investigation.*, 

 Bureau of Plant Industry. 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 



Introduction 1 



Pomologieal characteristics of the 



area 2 



Descriptions of the pomologieal re- 

 gions 5 



Selection of an orchard site 20 



Page. 



Disease factors 24 



The variety problem 25 



Orchard fruits 26 



Small fruits 64 



Fruit variety lists for each region__ 74 



Literature cited 78 



INTRODUCTION. 



In 1908 a bulletin (18) 2 reporting the results of a study of the 

 adaptability of varieties of orchard fruits to the Piedmont and the 

 Blue Ridge Regions of Virginia and the South Atlantic States was 

 published by the Department of Agriculture. The second bulletin 

 (19) of this series was published in 1911. and the third (20) in 

 1913. The present bulletin is the fourth of this series and contains 

 the results of a study begun in 1912 of the fruit regions of West Vir- 

 ginia. Kentucky, and Tennessee. 



The former bulletins have reported on varieties of orchard fruits 

 only. After the first season's work in this area 3 it seemed advisable 

 to include the small fruits in the investigations, and this was accord- 

 ingly done. The purpose of this bulletin is to present the results of 

 the investigations (1) by outlining and describing the pomologieal 



1 In the summer of 1912 W. F. Fletcher, then scientific assistant in the Office of Horti- 

 cultural and Pomologieal Investigations, assisted in the held work. 



2 The serial numbers (italic) in parentheses refer to "Literature cited," at the end of 

 this bulletin. 



3 The term "area" is used to denote parts of the country grouped together for con- 

 venience in discussion, and in this case refers to the States of Tennessee, Kentucky, and 

 West Virginia. An area of such size divides naturally into regions and sections on ac- 

 count of its geology, soil, topography, and climate. The term " region " is used to denote 

 a division of an area of the United States in which the geologic structure, the soil, the 

 topography, and the climate are in the main similar and the pomologieal conditions there- 

 fore similar. A pomologieal region may be divided into smaller units called sections, each 

 of which is marked by some characteristics which separate it from the other sections of 

 the region. 



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