July, 1908 



AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 



suits will be obtained by selecting three or 

 four good varieties of each color — pink, white, 

 crimsons, tinted and the like, rather than a 

 greater number. 



For continuous blooming the teas and hy- 

 brid teas will give the best results, and in the 

 North, where the winters are too severe for 

 any but the most rugged constitutions, these 

 may be planted as annuals, selecting the small, 

 mail order size, which are sold singly at ten 

 cents and may be bought by the hundred for 

 about eight dollars. These really give better 

 results the first year than the larger two-year- 

 old plants which cost thirty-five cents a piece. 

 For some reason they seem to mind the change 

 from the greenhouse pots to the open ground 

 much less than the older plants, which always 

 seem to resent the disturbance and to sulk 

 and be long in becoming established. 



The bed which is to receive the roses should 

 be prepared some time in advance of the time 

 in which the plants are to be planted, that it 

 may have time to become settled. It should 

 be composed of good garden loam, clay and 

 old well-rotted manure in generous quantity, 

 as it is almost impossible to make the soil too 

 rich for roses. Where no clay exists naturally 

 in the soil it should be added, but in adding 

 it it must be thoroughly pulverized and thor- 

 oughly incorporated with the soil. 



It is always better in ordering roses from 

 the florist to have then sent by mail, as in that 

 case much of the earth may be left about their 

 roots, and they do not receive the setback of 

 plants denuded of all the earth. Plants which 

 are received by mail should never be placed 

 directly in the ground, but should be potted 

 off in pots the same size in which they were 

 grown in the greenhouse and set in a cool, 

 shady place for a few days, when they may be 

 brought to the sunshine and encouraged to 

 grow, and it is only after new growth begins 

 that they should be transferred to the open 

 ground; they should then be slipped from the 

 pots into a hole made by pressing the 

 pot into the soil with as little disturbance 

 of the roots as possible, the hole should be 

 filled with water, the soil pressed firmly 

 around — you can hardly pot or bed roses too 

 firmly, and a dry mulch of earth produced 

 over the surface of the bed by the trowel. 

 Planted in this way these small plants will 

 rarely fail to grow and bloom luxuriantly all 

 summer. 



Roses sent with the ball of earth intact 

 about their roots may be set directly in the 

 open ground, planting as directed for the 

 smaller plants. When roses are received in a 

 wilted condition it will be well to place them 

 at once, without unwrapping the paper or 

 moss about them, in a basin of cool, not cold, 

 water and set in a cool place — a warm cellar 

 will do excellently, until the foliage has re- 

 gained its brightness, when they may be un- 

 packed and potted or planted, as the case may 

 be. 



Long narrow beds are more desirable for 

 tea roses or other summer bloomers than large 

 or round beds, as it is necessary to give the 

 plants an amount of attention impossible in 

 beds too large to reach across. 



Early in the spring, before the first buds 

 have opened, the various enemies of the rose 

 will begin to appear. Probably the first of 

 these will be the ubiquitous green louse or 

 aphis, these come in such sudden and appar- 

 ently inexhaustible quantities that they 

 threaten to annihilate the plants, leaf and 

 stem. Tobacco in some of its forms is the uni- 

 versal panacea for this ill ; it is, however, 

 somewhat difficult to apply on plants in the 

 open except in the form of tea which may be 

 sprayed on the plant with a plant syringe, or 

 with a gun ; smoke is much more effectual but 

 difficult to apply. Where the plants are 

 small, a frame may be constructed to fit over 



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all or a part of the bed; this may be of light 

 wood covered with canvas or thin cloth ; it 

 should have an opening in one side and a small 

 box large enough to receive the pan of coals 

 and tobacco stems should be provided to fit 

 into or against this opening; this allows the 

 smoke to enter the frame while keeping the 

 heat of the burning tobacco from the plants. 

 The frame should remain over the plant a 

 quarter of an hour at least, and the stems of 

 tobacco should be wet before placing over the 

 coals, that they may produce a dense smoke 

 and not a blaze. 



One of the most satisfactory insecticides is 

 found in a simple bath of hot water, used 

 either as a spray or as a bath. It is entirely 

 safe on hard wooded plants like roses, and has 

 the advantage of not only killing all insect 

 life, even the pestiferous red spider, but of 

 leaving the plant in a healthy, clean condition. 

 When used as a bath the whole plant should 

 be immersed for two or three minutes, and 

 the water may be used at a temperature of 

 about 135 degrees; when used as a spray in 

 the open air it may be increased to 145 or 150 

 degrees without harm. Kerosene emulsion is 

 fatal to all insect life that is not protected with 

 a hard shell, hence is effectual when applied 



for red spider, green lice, thrips, mealy bugs 

 and the like, but for the disgusting little 

 green caterpillar there is no remedy so effectual 

 as to go over the bushes and pinch the leaf 

 in which he has taken refuge between a de- 

 termined thumb and finger. 



For the rose beetle or bug one must resort 

 to Paris green, as they cannily refuse to keep 

 still and take their medicine. If Paris green 

 is mixed with lime in the proportion of a tea- 

 spoonful to a quart of plaster and lightly sifted 

 over the bushes at evening when the plants 

 are wet with dew, it will adhere and may be 

 washed off in the morning after it has done its 

 work. In using Paris green or other poison 

 on roses the precaution should always be 

 taken to label the plants plainly to that effect, 

 as many persons have a penchant for eating 

 rose leaves, which makes the use of poison very 

 dangerous. 



The small-sized roses should be set one foot 

 apart in the beds, and the two year olds from 

 eighteen inches to two feet, according to size. 

 They should be set about the depth at which 

 they grew in the pots or ground. Cultivation 

 of the beds should begin at once ; no weeds 

 should be allowed to gain a foothold, but 

 should be immediately eradicated. 



