April, 1911 AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS iit 
out of the mortar and it will crack and dis- 
integrate. Portland cement requires water 
until it has thoroughly hardened, which ul- 
timate hardening usually takes from four- 
teen days to a month. It is not always 
necessary to play the hose on the wall for 
a month, although it would be advisable. 
The dews at night, the dampness in the 
atmosphere and the rain will furnish the 
necessary moisture provided the material 
on which the mortar has been plastered 
has not too great an affinity for water. 
In order to prevent the porous hollow 
terra-cotta tile from sucking the moisture 
from the stucco, and also to furnish water- 
proofing and an additional bond other than 
that which would be given by the key, it 
is good practice to paint the surface of 
the dry terra-cotta blocks after their erec- 
tion in the wall, with two coats of bitu- 
minous paint, equal to such compounds as 
Dehydratine, Minwax, R. I. W. or X- 
Hydro-Plastic. It is important to place 
the first coat of stucco over this paint 
after twenty-four hours and within six 
days. 
The proportions for a good stucco should 
be one part Portland cement, two and one- 
half parts coarse clean sand. (If coarse 
clean sand is not available use only two 
parts of sand.) Add 10 to 15 per cent. of 
well hydrated lime, dry pulverized, of the 
volume of the cement. 
Ti it is the desire of the owner or archi- 
tect to use the exposed aggregate method, 
interesting natural colors can be obtained 
by using the following materials instead of 
sand in the same proportions. Green, red, 
buff, black or white marble screenings all 
passing a No. 8 screen and all collected on 
a No. 40 screen. These different colored 
marble and different colored sand, where 
obtainable, can be used singly or in a com- 
bination. When exposed by scrubbing or 
the acid treatment very interesting results 
are obtained. 
In mixing stucco, great care should be 
exercised to obtain the thorough incorpora- 
tion of cement, sand and the other aggre- 
gates. The sand and the cement should be 
mixed together dry, until an even color re- 
sults. This can be done by shoveling and 
by raking at the same time. Water should 
then be added, care being taken lest too 
much water is used at a time and the result- 
ing mortar get too wet so that more sand 
or cement has to be added. Be very care- 
ful to bring this mortar up to the proper 
consistency for use in plastering. 
It is advisable to add to the mortar from 
10 to 15 per cent. of the volume of the 
cement of well hydrated lime. This should 
be mixed dry with the cement and the sand 
before the water is added. The addition 
of hydrated lime tends to fatten the mortar, 
thus making it more adhesive and imper- 
vious. 
Another specification which we believe 
will prove of considerable value, is that of 
the addition of mineral oil to wet mortar. 
After the water is added and thoroughly 
mixed with the mortar, add 15 per cent. 
of mineral oil and remix. If a light effect 
is to be produced, use white oil, such as 
Oil Petrole. 
When the oil is to be mixed with the 
mortar it is always advisable to use hy- 
drated lime, as we thus have a larger 
amount of emulsifying material. 
The color obtained by the scrubbing or 
acid method is limited only to the avail- 
able sands or marble screenings. The color 
will be that of the aggregates. An excel- 
lent green can be obtained by adding 8 per 
cent. of the weight of the cement of 
cromium oxide, which should be mixed 
(Continued on page vi) 
Like 
Narcissus 
NABISCO 
Sugar Wafers 
Suggest the fragrance of Spring blossoms, 
sweetness, goodness, and punity. 
NABISCO is the dessert confection of 
perfection—ideal with ices or beverages. 
In ten cent tins 
Also in twenty-five cent tins 
CHOCOLATE TOKENS—a sweet 
dessert confection covered with 
creamy, rich chocolate. 
NATIONAL BISCUIT 
COM PANY 
Al VERY interesting pamphlet just issued by us on the Pergola can be had free on request. Ask 
for Catalogue A-27 
Hartmann-Sanders Co. /o°°%2 
EXCLUSIVE MANUFACTURERS OF 
Koll’s Patent Lock Joint Columns 
Suitable for 
Pergolas, Porches or Interior Use 
ELSTON and WEBSTER AVES. 
CHICAGO, ILL. 
Eastern Office: 
1123 Broadway, New York City 
Our illustration shows the attractive effect that can be 
obtained by adopting pergola treatment for your garage. 
This adds but very little to the cost of the building and 
makes it an attractive feature of your ‘yeneral landscape 
scheme instead of an eyesore, as it frequently is. 
Lud 
Wy E also publish Catalogues A-29 of SUN DIALS and A-40 of WOOD COLUMNS. 
