Viti AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 
April, 1911 
ANDREWS SEPTIC 
SEWAGE DISPOSAL 
The Andrews System 
OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL 
Is by Septic Tank, as shown in 
the illustration. Cesspools areno 
longer tolerated by sanitary sci- 
ence. They arethecause of much 
sickness, but the Septic Tank is 
a scientific method of sewage 
disposal in which the bacteria 
that cause disease destroy the 
dangerous elements in the sewage 
and in the end destroy themselves, 
We have a patent steel 
tank all complete, ready 
to bury in the ground 
and connect to. 
Send Plans or Rough Sketch 
of your house and grounds for 
FREE ESTIMATE. 
From Factory to User. 
Andrews’ Big Book on Heating, 
Plumbing and Air Pressure Water 
Supply sent FREE. Please send 
names of two parties who might buy. 
ANDREWS {EATING COMPANY 
1154 Heating Bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. 
a a aS a 
nWHITE WIRE FENCE: 
] 
and gates. For lawns, gardens, parks, ceme- f 
== teries, ete Inexpensive, but neat, durable and i 
i effective, made of No. 9 galvanized crimped wire il 
88 and coated witha special white paint. Shipped in 
rolls any length, any height. Booklet on request. 
THE ACME WIRE FENCE CO., 680A ATWATER ST., DETROIT, MICH. 
ENOS LIGHTING I FIXTURES 
VF 
OTHING is more conspicuous 
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In their selection not only utility of 
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By placing this part 
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When buying 
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Catalogue No. 22 
sent on request. 
THE ENOS COMPANY 
Makers of Lighting Fixtures 
7th AVENUE & 16th STREET, NEW YORK 
Salesrooms: 36 West 37th St., New York 
the skulls of these mammals he concludes 
that inbreeding is the cause of these pecu- 
liar head-formations. 
This view is severely criticized by 
biologists, since it is a well-known law that 
inbreeding never creates new characters, 
but only intensifies old ones. A more rea- 
sonable view is that which directs atten- 
tion to the fact that many wild animals, 
when caught young and brought up in con- 
finement, do not have as long heads as 
shown by other members of the species in 
the wild state. A decided shortening of 
the bones of the face takes place in the case 
of the wild dogs and the wolf. This is the 
beginning of the pug face. Inbreeding de- 
velops this character; it is the method, not 
the cause, says Prof. Hilzheimer, of Stutt- 
gart. This scientist finds the cause rather 
in the modified use of the jaws resulting 
from conditions of captivity. The face, he 
says, fails to develop the same as it would 
in a state of nature. 
The bending of the bones of the palate 
in these dogs is explained by the upholder 
of the inbreeding theory as resulting from 
degeneration or rachitis (‘rickets’) due to 
the inbreeding; Prof. Hilzheimer explains 
this bending as due to the crowding of the 
teeth consequent upon the shortening of 
the face bones. 
While it is true that inbreeding cannot 
cause the appearance of a new character, 
it is also true that we have no evidence of 
any character arising as a result of changed 
external conditions being preserved by he- 
redity. If it is true that changes in the 
food have made the jaws of wild dogs un- 
der domestication fail of development, we 
should be able to get the original wild dog 
again by suitable feeding; this, however, is 
impossible. According to our present 
knowledge, the probabilities are that short- 
faced dogs, like short-faced varieties of 
other animals, arose as “sports” and were 
preserved through inbreeding, or even had 
the character intensified. 
THE DISEASES OF TEA 
HE cultivation of the plant is making 
considerable progress in the Cau- 
casus region, and although its in- 
troduction has “been comparatively recent, 
it has already brought a good profit to the 
planters. However, the tea plant is sub- 
ject to maladies caused by certain para- 
sites which prevail in these regions. A 
Russian scientist, M. Spiechneff, observed 
twelve cryptograms, and one of them, the 
Pestalozzia guepini, causes a _ curious 
disease known as the “gray malady.’ Here 
the leaves show gray spots surrounded with 
a border of darker color. After some time 
there appear small dark spots which rep- 
resent the fructification of the fungi. Other 
dangerous species are the Dicosia Theae 
and the Capnodium footti. This latter 
causes a malady known as “soot” of the 
tea plant, and sometimes gives much dam- 
age. Another disease is described by M. 
Spiechneff, and it has the form of buff- 
gray spots sometimes covering all the 
leaves. He considers that it is caused 
by a cryptogram, but Duconnet and others 
consider that the disease is not of a 
parasitary nature. The gray malady and 
the “soot” disease attack also the leaves 
of evergreen plants such as the camelia, 
rhododendron, and magnolia, but on the 
contrary the former hardly ever attacks 
any but the Chinese tea plant, and others 
escape it. We may also mention that M. 
Voronoff observed in the Imperial planta- 
tions near Batoum, a caterpillar which 
bores galleries in the young tea shoots and 
causes much damage in this way. 
Can be 
used in 
Aphine is a concentrated liquid spraying 
material easily diluted with water. It can 
be applied to flower, fruit or vegetable. 
““We know of no insecticide which has more quickly demon- 
strated its efficacy than the recently introduced Aphine, which, in 
the course of a comparatively short time, has become a talisman 
among horticulturists of unimpeachable veracity and unquestioned 
skill,” —*‘Horticulture,’’ Boston, Mass., Nov. 6th, 1909. 
““Our outdoor roses were badly infested with aphis. With the 
first application of Aphine the pest was entirely destroyed.’’— 
John McLaren, Superintendent Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, 
“T have given Aphine a very thorough trial on plants infested 
with aphids and find it works very successfully; in fact, have 
found nothing that compares with it.’-—E. B. Southwick, Ento- 
mologist, Dept. of Parks, New York City. 
“I have used Aphine on orchard trees and ornamental plants 
infested with scale, green and white fly, thrip, mealy bug, etc., 
and found, in every case, that it completely destroyed the pests in 
question, with not the slightest harm to the subjects treated. It 
is without doubt the finest insecticide I have ever used.’’—Wil- 
liam Munro, Supt. to C. T. Crocker, San Mateo, Cal. 
SOLD BY SEEDSMEN 
Gallon $2.50—Quart $1.00—Pint 65c—Half Pint 40c 
If you cannot obtain Aphine in your community 
we will send you, express prepaid, on receipt of 
remittance a half pint 50c, pint 75c, quart $1.25. 
Try your dealer first, but do not accept anything 
‘‘iust as good.’’ 
Aphine Manufacturing Company, 
MADISON, N. J. 
LOW PRICE HIGH GRADE — 
A (RANA! ARAN 
mA Mi HGH GRADE 
DOW WIRE & IRON WKS. LOUISVILLE.KY. 
The WITTEN 
Just What You Have Been 
Looking For 
A necessity for Farm- 
Xrs, Fruit Growers, 
YRON FENCE 
jj Cemeteries, Golf 
Clubs, Dairies, 
] Stockmen, Con- 
fy tractorsand all man- 
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oe Send today for free 
illustrated booklet telling all about this 
labor-saving cart. 
Baker Mfg.Co., 599Hunter Bldg 
., Chicago, Ill. 
Home Owners Use 
ae ODOR z See 
TRacE MARR” 
Underground Garbage Receiver 
The only practical sani- 
tary way of disposing of 
garbage; sets deep in the 
ground and the buckets 
last for years. 
Opens with the foot, leaves the 
hand free to empty the garbage 
SZ... 
TS 
4 
Ymace wert 
Spiral Trussed Rib Ash Barrel 
outwears all others and is ten 
pounds lighter. 
FIREPROOF 
TI) 
*RADE MART 
Underfloor Refuse Receiver 
Stores your ashes out of 
sight and makes the work 
of attending furnace easy. 
Sold Direct. 
Send for circular on each. 
~ 
Before the furnace, easy to 
sweep into and sanitary # 
C,H. Stephenson, Mfr., 72" "hcc 
