June, 1911 
the preparation of the soil, to the gather- 
ing, handling and packing of the crops. 
There is a helpful section on the capital and 
labor required, and others dealing with im- 
plements, and with insects and preventives. 
BRAYLEY’S ARRANGEMENT OF FINGER 
Prints IDENTIFICATION AND THEIR 
Uses. By Frederick A. Brayley. Bos- 
ton: The Worcester Press, 1910. 12mo.; 
118 pp. Price, $2. 
The wonderful possibilities of finger 
print “signatures” have long been recog- 
nized by “foreign criminal departments, and 
the system is now adopted by police, secret 
service, United States army and navy; and 
banks, insurance companies, bond com- 
panies, secret societies, and all lines of busi- 
ness, where a perfect system of identifica- 
tion is necessary, are considering this sys- 
tem with a view to adopting it. This ex- 
haustive treatise was prepared, under the 
supervision of an expert, from data sup- 
plied by Mr. Henry Richardson, the head 
of the qMiaeerchucetts Bureau of Criminal 
identification. This system of classification 
is in conformity with that in use by the 
British government central offices, United 
States government, and the various police 
departments of the United States; it con- 
tains original and valuable data for filing 
finger prints. 
BUCH BERUEHMTER INGENIEURE. By Dr. 
Richard Hennig. Leipzig: Otto Spa- 
mer, 1911. 308 pp.; 48 illustrations. 
Ten biographies of distinguished engi- 
neers are included in the volume before us. 
The men discussed are William Siemens, 
James Buchanan Eads, John Ericsson, Fer- 
dinand de Lesseps, Alfred Nobel, Sir 
Henry Bessemer, John Fowler, Nicolaus 
Riggenbach, Otto Jutze and Max von Euth. 
The biographies in the main seem well writ- 
ten, and may be regarded as giving accurate 
details of the lives of the men discussed. 
One wonders, however, why so eminent an 
engineer as Sir Benjamin Baker is re- 
ferred to as “ein gewisser Benjamin Baker,” 
for surely Sir Benjamin Baker’s part in 
the erection of the great Forth bridge was 
as great as that of Sir John Fowler. Also 
why Brunel, who was probably the greatest 
English engineer that ever lived, is not 
made the subject of one of the biographies. 
WHITE PAINTS AND PAINTING MATERIALS. 
By WW. G. Seott, C.E. Pee: The 
Modern Painter, 1910. 8vo.; 493 pp. 
The plan on which this book is built com- 
mends itself favorably to the reviewer. 
The first section deals with “the physical 
test of paint.” Then are considered in 
order the several kinds of white paints, 
classified according to their bases; lime, 
magnesia, barium, alumina, silica, zinc, 
lead and organic materials. Incidentally 
products not strictly falling under the head- 
ing of paints are dealt with, such as putty 
and various kinds of pastes. A concise ac- 
count is given of the sources of raw ma- 
terials, the manufacturing processes, and 
the methods of analysis of interest in con- 
nection with the several paints and other 
materials treated. A very useful set of 
tables is appended. There is a good index, 
but we miss a synopsis of the chapter-con- 
tents. A definition which occurs in a foot- 
note of the “Table of Elements” seems to 
require revision. We read there: ‘The 
melting point of a gas is supposed to be the 
temperature at which the hiquid- -gas begins 
to assume the gaseous form.” The word- 
ing of this appears to us unfortunate. But 
this is a mere oversight in what seems to be 
an excellent book. 
AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS 
Civilization—from 
Signal Fire to Telephone 
f as telephone gives the widest 
range to personal communi- 
cation. Civilization has been ex- 
tended by means of communica- 
tion. 
The measure of the progress of 
mankind is the difference between 
the signal fire of the Indian and 
the telephone service of to-day. 
Each telephone user has a per- 
sonal interest in the growth of the 
whole telephone system. 
He is directly benefited by every 
extension of his own possibilities. 
He is indirectly benefited by the 
extension of the same possibilities 
to others, just as he is benefited 
by the extension of the use of his 
own language. 
Any increase in the number of 
telephones increases the usefulness 
of each telephone connected with 
this system. 
The Bell System is designed to 
provide Universal service. 
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