546 JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 
occurrence of epidemics; and he found, that, taking the infectious 
diseases as a whole, they are 60 °/ more frequent in the cellar than in 
the elevated tenements. ‘The cellar residence, however, does not 
favor all diseases alike. Measles and whooping. cough are very 
prevalent. there, croup less so, while diphtheria and scarlet fever are 
10 % less frequent among cellar inhabitants than among those more 
loftily housed. This is in “accordance with statistics from other places, 
and notably from Boston, where epidemics of diphtheria have swept 
over the finest parts of the city, and have left the low sections and 
cellar regions almost exempt. 
Lastly, Korisi considers the influence of crowding upon 
epidemics. To obtain a standard, he noted the number of rooms 
in each house, and the number of people occupying them. Com- 
bining these figures, he obtained the average number of persons per 
room. .A.possession of one or’ two persons to each room was, taken 
as normal, while three,,four, and five. persons. per room, were con- 
sidered. overcrowding. He found that. the intensity of some infectious 
siseases , wag onotably;, ogi ott eerie aaashis 
inexease amounted, toy ih 14 for fae 
Shan fives PATsons ex, FQOM, 2p hooping eon 
Intensified yyicrowdingsh «Opythe i ale ey 
scariet-feyes and Miphthera., Are sh a ¥ eM 
number: ofppeople in. the, dyquse-. rp al oe a €Q 
clusions, and. may; find theiyexpl (anon ah men eA SEOY CR bb a 
dnavbigh. thase nanious diseases axetransmitted irom, person, to, persqn. 
oft to aan tsory odd aif eomrattzs oeedi moowted -rodto odd de 
“food “yisaibso adt bus ezaly olbbiat odt oni esbivib od sod lqosq 
In oitsarodten otploads 11% eaozaog eoured en isdd corslo Jom as0ob of 
“af aire to tedmna oft ostiersotoh jou blyos od sesmgosd aula 
vii ‘tebe sosblids SOREN d WELIS?” doss ai eleubivibui 
&puruh earls sec ogi97s odd guid) bas ge lo eats9¢ 
sblen WP S es i osl era97 bai 119 to hortaq 
,Aba confered ice of state and municipal boards” SOF Meatta Bil a 
Watngtomsdat december, ten te Sealers were unanimous] 
the, pee possible moment,’ This, has spacia wreference t0..¢h 
See SW, eping 
iS sur re 
surface-wells in cities. Why. do hese wells deserv 
aes ae We nats ied i ote dae 
one a Mp con soa Whe ee sie ie et ‘raha 
1 Svat 
fect I He Sal : ip 
Be ‘ap in 
int wee ive due bitte hon hae a ial mie) sp 
ate dy inte “witht st ee to pabveat 
falling in. “Tn Sonie cities thé ¥ aie“ du | 
the wells which are intended ni "sup ig ages i Giggitht 
isin jeach easecontinued yuntilewateris reachode!g@ommunication is 
thiis establishedowithi sabterrdnéam ‘eurrents; ahd wit trefuse: matter 
which finds its way into-the-eesspools-is-attleast—partly-ear: 
This’ saves ‘some “trouble; butwhat becomés:of the» refuse matter ? ? 
Under very exceptional “cixcunstandés, it “way fina’ its’ way’ to WOKE 
