ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. 199 
regions, there may be difference of opinion as to the best way of 
grouping the provinces or districts. It appears to me that Mr. 
Woodward’s provinces are too minute and too unequal, while 
Dr. Gunther’s grouping into circumpolar zones is too compre- 
hensive for the tropics, as it ignores the well-marked Indo- 
Pacific province ; knowing also, as we do now, how different the 
mollusca and higher crustacea of New Zealand are from those 
of Australia, we must, I think, separate them as distinct 
districts.* This will give the following six provinces as the 
main divisions of the ocean, the deep sea being excluded :— 
1. Arctic Province, to 60° N. 
2. North Temperate Province, to 30° N. 
(a) Celtic District. 
(2) Lusitanian District. 
(c) Pennsylvanian District. 
(7) Aleutian District. 
(e) Californian District. 
(J) Japanese District. 
3. Central American Province, between 30° N.and 30°S. 
(2) West African District. 
(6) Caribbean District. 
(c) Panamic District. 
(dq) Galapagos District. 
(e) Peruvian District. 
4. Indo-pacific Province. 
5. South Temperate Province, to 50° S. 
(2) South Australian District. 
(6) Novozelanian District. 
(c) Chilian District. 
(q) Patagonian District. 
(e) South African District. 
6. Antarctic Province, from 50° S.+ 
Of course these various provinces and districts are not 
tenanted by altogether distinct animals; each has sent colonists 
to, or has received colonists from, its neighbours, but they 
sketch out with sufficient accuracy the various marine faunas of 
the world. 
* As the terms Region and Sub-region are used for the land divisions, it will 
assist the memory if Province and District are used for the marine divisions, The 
following table will give some idea of the isolation of the marine fauna of New 
Zeaalnd :— 
No. of Endemic Austra- S. Amer, 
aN Species. lian. 
Marine Fishes a ae 150 SOLD Cra le Z SeldgC, Tee, 
Marine Shells eae nr 306 rid Oo ee el aa rcs 
Marine Crustacea ... ie 126 67 p-C.4. 20°... 5) PRT p.c. 
+ The fauna ot this last Province is very small, and hardly worth distinguishing 
from the South Temperate. 
