508 JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. 
for its size, but also for its form. Some of it is not live moraine, 
that is to say, it is not moving now, and does not rest on ice, but 
has been deposited by the glacier, which was larger before. Such 
old moraines are covered with vegetation. By the moraine alone 
we could tell whether the glacier had of late retired at all. My 
own survey brings the terminal face to exactly where Dr von 
Haast put it. Of course, it may have advanced and then retired 
again, but it does not appear likely that it has changed its posi- 
tion much. There is an old terminal moraine, about 35o0ft. high, 
which is quite covered with grass. The eastern part of this is 
washed away by the Tasman and Murchison Rivers. The porch 
where the Tasman issues from the glacier does not appear to be 
always in the same place; it has been formed at one time ‘near 
the eastern side, and at another time near the middle. The 
Tasman River has, of late, never issued towards the west side, as 
in that case the old terminal moraine, which must have been 
where it now is for along series of years, would have been 
washed away. From our camp we made excursions across the 
clacier, and soon saw what we had to do. First, we had to 
ascend one of the peaks on the western slope of the main range, 
the Linda ridge, as I call that spur which descends in an eastern 
direction from Mount Cook. The Linda glacier is that one over 
which Mr Green effected his ascent of Mount Cook, and was so 
named by him. The Hochstetter glacier, which lies to the south 
ofthe Linda ridge was named by Dr von Haast. We made 
our ascent of the Linda ridge without experiencing any great 
difficulties. The rocks are pretty steep, but not so brittle as 
they are found to be in many other portions of the Mount Cook 
range. We reached the top of the Linda ridge in a strong 
nor’-wester, accompanied by heavy rain, and had to spend the 
night ina cave formed by two large blocks of stone leaning 
against each other. The next day the weather was just as bad, 
and as we had no provisions, we were obliged to go back. We 
left, however, our instruments, the kerosene stove, and a tarpau- 
lin. After provisioning ourselves at the lower camp, we made 
again for the Linda ridge, and slept on a rock between the 
Hochstetter and Linda glacier. The next morning the weather 
was beautiful, and I was able to take the angles I wanted, also 
to photograph the panorama. Coming down we got into a 
storm, apparently of snow, which turned out, however, to be 
nothing but clouds of thistle seeds, which covered the whole of 
the glacier. 
The Hochstetter glacier, the foot of which we had to pass 
four times, is one of the grandest sights in New Zealand. This 
elacier issues from a large basin at the foot of Mount Cook. 
This basin is part of a flat plateau, the northern half of which 
forms the nevé of the Linda glacier. The Hochstetter glacier 
descends from this plateau, forming a splendid cascade of ice 
4oooft. high. At the junction of this glacier with the Tasman, 
I observed an interesting phenomenon. The two glaciers move, 
one in a south-east and the other in a southerly direction, and 
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