118 BULLETIN 1105, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 



reproduction than the area outside which has been open to sheep. 

 Very often reproduction outside is a total failure, while inside it is 

 a partial if not a complete success. A typical example of this kind 

 is furnished by two pastures belonging to W. H. Taylor and C. H. 

 Corey, near the Fort Valley Experiment Station. The results of 

 examinations of these areas in 1918 and 1920 are given below. 



The Taylor pasture, the greater portion of the Corey pasture, 

 and the adjoining open range are covered by a virgin stand of 

 yellow pine. Although considerable portions of the area are too 

 heavily shaded for good reproduction there are numerous openings 

 sufficiently large to permit excellent seedling development. A por- 

 tion of the Corey pasture is on the border line between the forest 

 and the adjoining open valley. The soil is a gravelly loam depos- 

 ited at the mouth of a canyon which debouches about 1,000 feet 

 up the slope of the San Francisco Mountains. This soil is classed 

 as one of the most favorable soils for reproduction in this region. 

 Herbaceous vegetation is mainly of the weed type. A good seed 

 crop occurred in this locality in 1913. Light crops occurred in 

 1915 and 1916. In the summer of 1914, which was unusually favor- 

 able for germination and survival, pine seedlings appeared in great 

 numbers. Four years later dense groups of seedlings from 4 to 

 8 inches in height were in evidence all over the Taylor pasture, 

 which was fenced in the fall of 1913. They were far less conspicu- 

 ous on the adjoining open range and in the Corey pasture, which 

 was not fenced until the spring of 1916. 



On August 15, 1918, a number of plots were established along 

 the east fence of the Taylor pasture, separating the pasture from 

 the open range. Here the trees are so grouped as to form a series of 

 openings 40 to 60 yards wide by about 100 yards long, with the 

 major axis almost perpendicular to the fence. In two of these 

 openings seedling counts were made on strips extending about 40 

 yards on either side of the fence. In laying out the strips care 

 was exercised to locate them so that the sections inside and outside 

 of the pasture would be similarly situated with reference to seed 

 trees. In each case the strips run roughly parallel to and about 50 

 feet distance from the south edge of an opening whose major axis 

 extends nearly east and west. The strips occupy a zone which 

 represents the densest seedling growth. On July 31, 1920, the same 

 plots were examined again. 



Table 27 gives the results of the 1918 and 1920 examinations. 

 Although three age classes (1914, 1916, and 1917) are represented, 

 the 1914 class is by far the most prominent, both as to number and 

 size. Only a few of the 1917 class were in evidence in 1918, and on 

 account of the dense growth of lupine no serious effort was made to 



