66 Professor D. Wilson’s Illustrations of the Significance 
idea of a combined coronal and occipital compression.* A 
third Scottish skull, procured from one of a group of cists 
near Kinaldie, Aberdeenshire, also exhibits the posterior 
vertical flattening. But a more striking example than any 
of those appears in the one from Codford, South Wiltshire, 
selected above to illustrate this type.} Dr Davis remarks 
in his description of it:—‘ The zygomatic arches are short, 
a character which appertains to the entire calvarium, but is 
most concentrated in the parietals, to which the abruptly 
ascending portion of the occipital lends its influence. The 
widest part of the calvarium is about an inch behind, and 
as much above the auditory foramen, and when we view it 
in front we perceive it gradually to expand from the outer 
angular process of the frontal to the point now indicated.” 
The entire parieto-occipital region presents in profile an 
abrupt vertical line; but when viewed vertically it tapers 
considerably more towards the occiput than is usual in crania 
of the same class. 
The cause of the vertical occiput, as well as the oblique 
parieto-occipital flattening in this class of British crania, I 
feel no hesitation in believing to be traceable to the same 
kind of rigid cradle-board as is in constant use among many 
of the Indian tribes of America, and which produces pre- 
cisely similar results. Its mode of operation, in effecting 
the various forms of oblique and vertical occiputs, will be 
considered, when describing some of the phenomena of com- 
pressed Indian crania; but another feature of the Juniper 
Green skull, which is even more obvious in that from Les- 
murdie, in the same collection, is an irregularity amounting 
to a marked inequality in the development of the two sides. 
This occurs in skulls which have been altered by posthu- 
mous compression; but the recovery of both the examples 
referred to from stone cists precludes the idea of their 
having been affected by the latter cause ; and since I was 
first led to suspect the modification of the occiput, and the 
exaggeration of the characteristic proportions of British 
brachycephalic crania by artificial means, familiarity with 
those of the Flathead Indians, as well as other ancient and 
modern artificially distorted American crania, has led me 
* Crania Britannica, Dee. ii. pl. 16. + Ibid. Dee. ii. pl. 14. 
