Proposed Reform of Zoological Nomenclature. | 273 
an example. The Corvus pyrrhocorax, Linn., was afterwards ad- 
vanced to’ a genus under the name of Pyrrhocoraz, Temminck 
adopts this generic name, and also retains the old specific one, so 
that he terms the species Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocoraz. The inele- 
gance of this method is so great as to demand a change of the 
specific name, and the species now stands as Pyrrhocoraz alpinus, 
Vieill. We propose, therefore, that 
§ 13. A new specific name must be given to a species 
when its old name has been adopted for a genus which in- 
cludes that species. 
N.B.— It will be seen, however, below, that we strongly ob- 
ject to the further continuance of this practice of elevating specific 
names into generic. 
[Latin orthography to be adhered to.] 
On the subject of orthography it is necessary to lay down one 
proposition,— 
§ 14. In writing zoological names, the rules of Latin 
orthography must be adhered to. 
In Latinizmg Greek words there are certain rules of ortho- 
graphy known to classical scholars which must never be departed 
from. For instance, the names which- modern authors have 
written Aipunemia, Zenophasia, poiocephala, must, according to the 
laws of etymology, be spelt Apycnemia, Xenophasia, and peoce- 
phala, In Latinizing modern words the rules of classic usage do 
not apply, and all that we can do is to give to such terms as 
classical an appearance as we can, consistently with the preser- 
vation of their etymology. In the case of European words whose 
orthography is fixed, it is best to retain the original form, even 
though it may include letters and combinations unknown in Latin. 
Such words, for instance, as Woodwardi, Knighti, Bullock, 
Eschscholtzi, would be quite unintelligible if they were Latinized 
into Vudvardi, Cnichti, Bulloce:, Essolzi, &c. But words of bar- 
barous origin, having no fixed orthography, are more pliable, and 
hence, when adopted into the Latin, they should be rendered as 
classical in appearance as is consistent with the preservation of 
their original sound. Thus the words Tochus, awsuree, argoondah, 
kundoo, &c., should, when Latinized, have been written Toccus, 
ausure, argunda, cundu, &c. Such words ought, in all practi- 
cable cases, to have a Latin termination given them, especially if 
they are used generically. 
In Latinizing proper names, the simplest rule appears to be to 
use the termination -us, genitive -7, when the name ends with a 
