306 Proceedings of Societies. 
author proceeded to read notes upon the following forms not hitherto 
recorded as British, which had, with one exception, resulted from the 
examination of sands dredged by Mr Gwyn Jeffreys and Mr Waller 
round the Shetland Islands—the exceptional case, Pulvinulina Menardtt, 
D’'u., having been found in soundings from the Irish Sea :— 
Biloculina sphera, D’O.; Biloculina contraria, D’O,; Triloculina 
tricarinata, D’O.; Quinqgueloculina pulchella, D’O.; Lituola scorpi- 
urus, Montfort; Lagena distoma, P. and J.; Glandulina leviagta, 
D’0.; Bigenerina digitata, D’O.; Bolivina punctata, D’O.; Planor- 
bulina Haidingerii, D’O.; Planorbulina Ungeriana, D’O.; Pulvinw- 
lina concentrica, P. and J.; Pulvinulina Karsteni, R.; Rotalia orbi- 
cularis, D’O.; Discorbina Berchelotiana, D’O.; Anomalina coronata, 
P. and J.; Polystomella crispa var. arctica, P. and J.; Nonionina 
stellifera, D’O.; and Pulvinulina Menardwi, D’O. 
‘*¢ Notes on some recent Foraminifera, dredged at Jamaica by the late 
Lucas Barrett, F.G.S.’’ By Professor T. Ruperr Jones and Mr W. K. 
PARKER. 
“Notes on the Homologies of the Trilobites.” By Mr. C. Spence 
BATE. 
‘‘On the Geographical Distribution of Animal Life.’ By Mr A. R. 
Watiace.—The author called attention to the six geographical regions 
established by Dr Sclater (Proc. Lin. 8., Feb. 1856) for ornithology,— 
viz., Ist, The Neotropical, comprising South America and West Indies ; 
2d, The Nearctic, including the rest of North America; 3d, The Pale- 
arctic, composed of Europe, Northern Asia to Japan and Africa, north of 
the Desert; 4th, The Ethiopical, which contains the rest of Africa and 
Madagascar ; 5th, The Indian, containing Southern Asia and the western 
half of the Malay Archipelago; and 6th, The Australian, which comprised 
the eastern half of the Malay Islands, Australia, and most of the Pacific 
Islands, It was stated that these regions would apply almost equally 
well to mammalia, reptiles, land shells, and insects,—excepting some 
exceptional cases, which it was thought would render these regions in- 
applicable to zoology generally. These exceptional cases were—lIst, 
That the Batrachians of Japan were Palzarctic, agreeing with the birds, 
&e., but the snakes were altogether Indian, as pointed out by Dr Gunther 
in his paper on the geographical distribution of reptiles (Proc. Zool. See. 
1858, p. 373); 2d, That the mammalia of North Africa were not Euro- 
pean like the birds; 3d, That the insects of the Moluccas and New Guinea 
were generally of Indian forms, while the birds and mammals were Aus- 
tralian; and 4th, That the insects of Chili were of North Temperate and 
Australian forms, while the birds and mammals were mostly of true South 
American groups. These cases were treated successively ; and it was 
shown that the statement as to the mammals of North Africa was incorrect, 
and that they really very strongly confirmed the evidence of the birds: 
and reptiles as to that country being Palearctic. In the other cases, the 
anomalies of distribution were explained as being due to special excep- 
tional circumstances, which should not invalidate the general accuracy 
and usefulness of these divisions. ‘The discrepancies in the distribution 
of plants, which, while often agreeing with those of insects, were much 
greater, were supposed to be in a great measure due to the adventitious 
action of the glacial epoch and of floating ice. 
“A Few Facts on the Variation of Species pointing to Western Asia 
as the Centre of the Palearctic Area of Creation.”’ By the Rev. H. B. 
TristRAM.—No one would suppose that the creation or development of 
