British Association. tA d 
Mr W.H. Ricuarpson read a paper ‘On the Paper Manufacture of 
Northumberland and Durham.” 
Mr C. W. Sremens then described his Regenerative Gas Furnaces for 
Iron Works. 
Mr D. D. Marn described the Newcastle and Gateshead Water-supply. 
Admiral Sir E. Bercuer described a Spirit-level Telescope for observing 
altitudes and obtaining latitudes independently of natural or artificial 
horizons, and exhibited a telescope thus constructed.—This telescope 
carries within itself a spirit-level, the bubble of which is brought to the 
level wire to which the object is brought. 
The Abbé Moieno exhibited and explained an instrument invented by 
Messrs Bourdon and Salleron, termed ‘‘ Injecteur des Corps solides.” 
The instrument is well adapted for the lecture-table, and illustrates in a 
remarkable manner the apparently paradoxical action of Gifford’s Injector, 
now so largely used as a self-acting fuel-supplier for steam-engine boilers. 
“On Extinguishing Fires.” By Mr C. B. Kine. 
‘** On the Prevention of Fouling of Ships’ Bottoms.” By Dr Warts. 
—The composition proposed for the covering of iron ships’ bottoms is 
made of equal parts of powdered quick lime, of fat, and of oil, mixed and 
rubbed together. It is laid on the first time, when cold, by means of a 
short-haired painter’s brush, on the surface, while high and dry; but 
when afloat it must be applied by means of a diver’s hand, either naked 
or covered with a glove. This composition is a kind of soap, which is 
insoluble in water, and which undergoes a slow chemical change, the 
result of which is that, after a few months, it has become rather less soft, 
and more easily separable in the form of flakes or scales from the sub- 
merged surface of the ship than it was when fresh applied. 
‘* Self-acting Valve Motion for Steam-Hammers.” By Mr Joun 
STURGEON. 
‘* Tron Ship-Building on the Tyne and Neighbouring Districts.” By 
Mr C.-M. Pater. 
‘“* Description of the large Gyroscope used by Sir William Armstrong 
in the invention of Rifled Projectiles.”’ By Professor Poxe. 
* On Skin Resistance as Affecting the Speed of Ships.” By Professor 
RANKINE. 
‘‘ An Investigation of Plane Water Lines for Ships.” By Professor 
RANKINE. 
‘‘ The Diagonal Principle of Iron Ship-Building.’ By Mr Roserr 
TAYLERSON. 
“ A Mode of rendering Timber-built Ships impregnable and unsinkable 
under moderate Crew-power, as in a leaky vessel.’”’ By Admiral Sir 
Epwarp Be.cuer. 
“On an Improved Caisson Gate.” By Admiral Sir EK. Betcumr. 
The Abbé Moteno exhibited the “ Ventilateur a reaction” of Mons. 
Perigault de Rennes, and the ‘‘ Balance aerostatique” of Mons. Seiler. 
“ Improvements in Waggons and Gun-Carriages.”” By Mr Grorex 
FAWCUS. 
‘¢ On Bridge Foundations.” By Mr Tuomas Page. 
‘¢ An Improved Valve and Apparatus for Atmospheric Railway Pro- 
pulsion.” By Mr W. Smrru. 
‘¢ A novel method of covering Boilers, Pipes, and Cylinders of Steam 
Engines, for preventing the Radiation of Heat.’”” By Mr W. Smira. 
