12 Mr Cull on the recent Progress of Ethnology. 



the Umbrian and Latin have an extensive vocabulary in com- 

 mon, and that they abound in analogous grammatical forms 

 both in verbs and nouns. Here are difficulties for criticism 

 to reconcile. But whatever was the medium through which 

 the Keltic element was introduced into the Latin language, 

 we shall agree with the Professor that the Keltic is the in- 

 trusive element, because, in numerous instances, the word 

 which is common to the two languages is isolated in the 

 Latin, while in the Keltic it is one of a family. The ques- 

 tion may still be asked, Who are the Umbrians l It is true 

 that the Umbrian language is cognate with the Latin, but its 

 precise affinity has yet to be shewn. Dr Latham (Varieties of 

 Man, p. 554), because Livy says the languages of Etruria 

 and Rhaetia are alike, thinks the Etruscans and Rhoatians 

 are one people ; the former at their highest refinement, the 

 latter at their greatest rudeness : and also considers the 

 stock to be indigenous to Northern Italy. It appears to me 

 that we lack evidence, and, unfortunately for their reputa- 

 tion, scholars are drawing wider conclusions than are war- 

 ranted by the facts. 



An able paper on the Romanic languages of the Grisons 

 and Tyrol was read last session by Dr W. Freund, one of our 

 Fellows, in consequence of which the Berlin Royal Academy 

 of Sciences has given him the charge of a commission to pro- 

 ceed, at the Government expense, to ancient Rhaetia. to make 

 philological and archaeological researches, so as to throw a 

 light, by the collection of new facts, upon the ancient inhabi- 

 tants of Etruria, the Grisons, the Tyrol, and the south-east 

 of Upper Italy. 



The next contribution to European Ethnology during the 

 year is an account of the ancient inhabitants of Yorkshire, 

 in Mr Phillip's excellent work On the Rivers, Mountains, 

 and Seacoast of Yorkshire. Mr Phillips reproduces York- 

 shire in the time of the Romans, and shews its successive 

 phases under the Anglo-Saxons and Danes. His synopsis 

 of its history during that long period is concise and clear. 

 In an able chapter on the Races of Men in Yorkshire, Mr 

 Phillips says, — " If, without regard to any real or supposed 

 evidence of their national origin, we attempt to class the 



