176 Dr Cleghorn on the Coco-Nut Tree and its Uses. 
planted in the ground eyes upwards. From the position of 
the eyes giving the end of the shell something of the appear- 
ance of a monkey’s face, some have derived the tree’s name, 
coco or cognesa being Portuguese for monkey. In the Parlia- 
mentary papers we find there were imported of these nuts 
into the United Kingdom, in 1858, “2,508,869, which were 
almost wholly retained for consumption. They are used in- 
stead of wedges to fill up the interstices between casks and 
packages in the cargoes of ships, so that the freight costs 
little. In the same year our imports of coco-nut oil amounted 
to 197,788 cwts.”* 
Ceylon and the Laccadives have long been famous for their 
coco-nut trees, and the oil, arrack, and coir (or kayar) manu- 
factured therefrom form the chief articles of export of those 
islands; about 24 millions of pounds of coir are annually ex- 
ported from Ceylon to Calcutta and other parts in the East 
Indies alone. By the “Report of External Commerce of 
Madras,” the quantity and value of coco-nut and coco-nut 
kernel exported from the Madras territories in 1858-59 stood 
Quantity. Value. 
Coco-nuts, . - 2,73,42,940 No. . 38,60,740 Rs. 
Coco-nut Kernel, . 1,09,053 cwt. . 4,34,000 ,, 
Of this, Rs. 357,287 worth of the coco-nut, and Rs. 430,944 
worth of the kernel, were exported to the Indian or home 
ports, such as Rangoon, Kutch, Moulmein, Scinde, Bombay, 
and Concan. Of the remainder some went to the Mauritius, 
some to the Persian Gulf, &c., and a little to the United 
Kingdom. . Nearly the whole was exported from Malabar and 
Canara. Ganjam supplied a little to Moulmein. The quan- 
tity and value of coco-nut oil and coir exported from the 
Madras territories in 1858-59 were as follows :— 
Foreign or External Ports. Indian or Home Ports. 
Value, Rs. |Total Value, Rs. 
Quantity. Value, Rs. Quantity. 
Oil, gal. . .| 19,55,382 | 4,10,642 | 2,33,732 63,378 | 4,74,020 
Coir, cwt. .| 46,675 | 96,945 | 1,05,661 | 2,14,642 | 3,11,587 
* Annual Statement of Trade and Navigation for the Year 1858, pp. 68 and 82, 
