found at St Andrews in 1860. 193 
considerable breadth both of face and calvarium. Its principal 
difference from the aboriginal series consists in its being more 
regular and equable, not so uneven and nodular; for instance, 
the frontal sinuses are not so prominent, and the nose does 
not descend so abruptly from a deep depression, as 1s usual in 
the aboriginal series. 
No. 8 belongs to a skeleton which was found extended on 
the bottom of a rude cist, formed of undressed flags, on the 
southern side of the church. This skull is that of a man of 
about fifty-five years of age, and just enters into the brachy- 
cephalic series.* Itisa thick heavy skull, with a particularly 
short and massive lower jaw, which is in some places eight- 
tenths of an inch in thickness; and it is remarkable for its 
small internal capacity—in truth, in this respect, it is the 
smallest of the sixteen skulls, although there is no doubt of its 
being the relic of aman. It presents that perpendicularity 
of the occipital region, common among the aboriginal skulls 
of these islands. It does not agree closely with any of the 
skulls figured in the “Crania Britannica,” but somewhat 
resembles both that from the Caedegai Barrow in Denbyshire, 
plate 23, and that from Norton, in Yorkshire, plate 37. 
No. 9, also derived from a skeleton lying in a rude stone 
cist near the last. This skull is that of a man about 75 years 
of age, and likewise just enters the brachycephalic series, 
although it presents much of the low swoln-out, discoid form 
which I have named platycephalic. The frontal sinus is 
prominent, and the nasal bones rise abruptly from a rather 
deep depression ; the occipital region is also flat—all aborigi- 
nalforms. The cheek depressions are so unusually deep, that 
the cavities of the antra are encroached upon to a consider- 
able degree. This no doubt is an indication of the great age 
of the individual. The skull closely resembles an ancient 
British specimen, derived from a barrow on Wetton Hill, 
Staffordshire, and figured in the ‘‘ Crania Britannica,” plate 
12. 
* It is desirable to state that I use this term to express the form, in a verti- 
cal aspect, of all crania in which the extreme transverse diameter is to the 
extreme longitudinal, as 4, or more, is to 5 ; or as 80, or more, is to 100. 
