46 BULLETIN 1003, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
BATH PROCESS. 
An advantage of the bath process, another method which has been 
used to a limited extent, is that the wood does not require previous 
shredding. The wood is run into the retort on cars, and the retort 
is flooded with a high-boiling material, such as molten rosin, pitch, 
or tar, heated to a sufficiently high temperature. Most of the ex- 
tracted turpentine and pine oils are volatilized at the temperature 
of the bath, and the rest is blown out of the bath with steam. The 
remaining wood, which is saturated with the-rosin or other material 
of the bath, may be destructively distilled to recover the light and 
heavy onus oils, tar, charcoal, and pitch. 
FEASIBILITY OF DISTILLING WESTERN YELLOW PINE. 
Yellow-pine stumps of a quality such as to yield more than 124 
gallons a cord, the average yield from medium-grade stumpwood, 
of merchantable wood turpentine, of the properties shown in Table 
18, and other products in corresponding proportion, are compara- 
tively scarce. “ Fat” or “ pitchy ” stumps, averaging 20 gallons of 
merchantable turpentine a cord, are not sufficiently numerous to be 
considered in a class by themselves as an impediment to land-clearing 
operations, and would need to be hauled for long distances in supply- 
ing wood to distilling plants. 
The daily yield from a 10-cord plant and the market value of the 
products from the rich portion of medium-grade stumps, based on 
the yields obtained in these experiments and on the prevailing eastern 
prices June, 1918, using the ordinary ovens in general use, would be 
approximately as follows: 
Merchantable turpentine________ pe DON SEG SON 5 () ee $63. 50 
Bite Wop sateen cre aoe ae ioe 1B 100.0) @ in BAO ei celal pean O)() 
Hight oil Cat tar,o1ll prices) == — BD. Oey itn pe ene 2a RA eae Rea 7.00 
Heavy oil (at tar prices) — RASA EAMEN. 2S do. (6 DaLrcels) (@es OMe seme 
LEAT YO Lee Sana chet plus ERE a as eye 188 7 barrels (1,400 pounds) @ $3.50_. 24.50 
@haredal == + pat ______._ 850 bushels (7,110 pounds) @ $0.12_ - 42.00 
183. 45 
Total value of products a cord of selected medium-grade resinous 
wood or heartwoodsses2 2 tulsa seer oe $18. 36 
The average yield and market value of the products recovered. 
from a cord of rich. stumpwood on the same basis are estimated to be: 
Merchantable turpentine_________ 19ST eallons (@ssOn sO ee eee eee eee SON) 
Pinewols.22- a= Sep ee aM Si chet'r oO Os Sue eeAQ is oe ee ee . 80 
Hi 0 ea UR ae let a a os Bit GOL ir a. eee koe eRe . 90 
Heavy oils ee a of LES SS JAGZ ONS GOL ae 4 teat Gaede easier ee 6. 90 
Pitchesatreks hl. steve MS eres. mots 138.0 pounds @ 3.50 a barrel _____ 2.41 
Charcoal: Se 88,0 bushels 0790:0 pounds) <@i$0:122, .4..56 
a Motal value: of products) a) Cordes 2a2 es ee ee 25. 47 
(en 
oor 
an = oe =. Le ae a er Oe, Tee eee 
