18 BULLETIN 1003, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
land-clearing methods, from a failure on the part of the farmer to 
charge the value of his time and equipment in shooting, reducing, 
and hauling the stumps against the cost of the wood so delivered, or 
from a decided reduction in the selling price of explosives or in 
labor. 
The conclusions based on this method of sampling were subse- 
quently checked by removing all the yellow-pine stumps on a typical 
acre, taken to represent a good stand of large yellow pine in the 
Potlatch-Deary yellow-pine region, in the southwest quarter of the 
southeast quarter of section 36, township 42 north, range 5 west. 
The yellow-pine stand on this “ forty ” was 540,000 board feet, of | 
which 240,000 board feet were from trees averaging 700 feet a tree, 
and 300,000 board feet from trees averaging 2,500 feet a tree. ‘This 
figures out to a stand of 9 of the smaller trees containing a total of. 
6,000 feet and 3 large trees containing a total of 7,500 feet, or a 
total of 13,500 feet an acre. Of the 12 yellow-pine stumps on this 
chosen acre, 9 averaged 30 inches and 3 averaged 45 inches in di- 
ameter. The proportion and quality of the heartwood were so. 
markedly different in the large stumps, as compared with that in the 
small stumps, that the woods from the large and small stumps were 
collected separately as two samples, and are hereafter referred to 
as “large” and “small” yellow-pine stumps, Potlatch, Idaho. 
A sample taken from so-called “rich butts,” “tops,” etc., was 
collected throughout the area from which the stumps at Deary were 
obtained, where a large amount of this material is available in the 
form of dead standing trees and windfalls. Judged by its appear- 
ance, little, if any, of it is rich in resinous matter. Hence one sample 
only, designated in the tables as “ dead, down wood,” was selected 
from the richer material of this class. 
‘COEUR D’ALENE AND HAYDEN LAKE REGION. 
The Coeur d’Alene-and Hayden Lake region, taken as being rep- 
resentative of cut-over yellow-pine lands in northern Idaho, proved 
to be an unwise selection, as a larger proportion of “ bull pine” or 
nonresinous material was found there than in the Pend d’Oreille 
River country farther to the north. It should be considered typical 
rather of the yellow pine in the territory within a 50-mile radius of 
Spokane. Two yellow-pine samples were taken, one on a ranch some 
2 miles northwest of Hayden Lake towards Garwood, the other from 
the Mica Bay section of Coeur d’Alene Lake. The first was repre- 
sentative of the average quality of yellow-pine stumps proper in the 
Hayden Lake region, few, if any, of which showed resinous exuda- 
tion, and approximated 20 to 35 an acre in the closest yellow-pine 
stand of this region, which had been cut over a few years before, 
