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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
BULLETIN No. 1003 
Contribution from the Bureau of Chemistry 
W.G. CAMPBELL, Acting Chief 
And the University of Idaho, A.H. UPHAM 
President 
Washington, D.C. Vv December 5, 1921 
THE DISTILLATION OF STUMPWOOD AND LOGGING 
WASTE OF WESTERN YELLOW PINE. 
By M. G. Donk, Assistant Chemist, Leather and Paper Laboratory, Bureau of 
Chemistry, C. H. SuHarruck, Professor of Forestry, and W. D. MarsHAtt, 
Research Fellow, Forestry Department, University of Idaho. 
CONTENTS. 
Page. e Page. 
Importance of western yellow pine__ 1 | Commercial distillation processes___ 43 
Distribution of western yellow pine_ 2 | Feasibility of distilling western yel- 
Purpose of investigation__________ 13 low pine____---_--~_--_------~- 46 
Gakene, samples. . =... 15 | Relation of wood distillation to land 
rit. es Cle airsiita res See ay saan 3 Ste 51 
2S Oe Ce a a er array 22'| small, semi-portable wood-distilling 
Crude products ef retort distillation_ 31 lant ieee ok WIE Sc OB er 53 
Products obtained in refining crude Use of oil for ore flotation..______ 54 
Pep ent ie = eon eee at tees A 37 | Refining crude wood turpentine____ 56 
Calculation of yields of refined tur- Sur na ary ae ae ha a a 67 
pentine and pine oil_______ (SE se wat Adis|s literature: cited 2. 2 ee 69 
IMPORTANCE OF WESTERN YELLOW PINE. 
Western yellow pine (Pinus ponderosa) is the most widely dis- 
tributed of the western commercial softwoods (4, 10)? (fig. 1). 
The Forest Service estimates the amount of standing timber of this 
species to be approximately 335,000,000,000 board feet, or more than 
that of any other species except Douglas fir (6). The reported cut 
for this species for 1917 was 1,862,914,815 board feet. This repre- 
sents an area of more than 350,000 acres of land annually cleared 
and left covered with stumps after logging operations. About one- 
third of this is within the national forests and is generally of little 
value for agriculture, because of the roughness of the land. Much 
of the remaining two-thirds, however, is valuable for crops. 4 
+The sections on the importance and distribution of the western yellow pine are by 
C. H. Shattuck. The report of the investigation is by M. G. Donk. 
?The numbers in parenthesis throughout this bulletin refer to the bibliography on 
page 69. = 
60953 °—21——-_1 
