FORESTRY LESSONS ON HOME WOODLANDS 37 



IV. Leaves Simple, Opposite, with Lobe-Toothed Edges 



A. Leaves with large (often lobelike) teeth. Fruit in pairs, each part with a 

 conspicuous, flat, very thin wing. Fruit matures in spring or in autumn, 

 when it becomes dry and yellowish-brown (Acer) Maple. 



V. Leaves Simple, Opposite, Edges Neither Toothed nor Notched 



A. Leaves very large, heart-shaped, long-pointed. Flowers showy, trumpet- 



like, in large upright clusters. Fruit, a long, cylindrical pod, 6 to 14 inches 

 long, containing closely packed, flat, dry seeds, with fringed wings at each 

 end (Catalpa) Catalpa. 



B. Leaves rather small, oval, tapering at base and point. Flowers conspicuous, 



white (occasionally rosy), appearing with the expanding leaves. Fruit, 

 a small cluster of two-seeded berries, turning red in autumn. 



(Cornus) Dogwood. 



VI. Leaves Compound, Alternately Attached to Twigs 



A. Leaflets small, many, attached along two sides of a main stem. Fruit, a 



flat, bean, dry or fleshy pod. 



(1) Leaflets with small, wavy teeth. Pods flat, broad, long, often 



twisted, thin-skinned, with thick, cheesy, sweetish pulp about 

 seeds. Trees with long, keen, branched thorns on the trunk. 



(Gleditsia) Honey locust. 



(2) Leaflets not toothed. 



(a) Twigs with pairs of short, keen thorns. Leaflets oblong, 



rounded at ends. Flowers showy white, in large clusters. 

 Pods small, flat, thin, dry, with small seeds. 



(Robinia) Black locust. 



(b) Twigs stout, thornless. Leaflets oval, pointed. Flowers 



greenish, with violet odor. Pods large, flat, thick, with 

 greenish, jellylike pulp (poisonous) around the large, 

 black-brown seeds (Gymnocladus) Coffee tree. 



B. Leaflets large. Fruit, spherical, with a separable or inseparable husk, con- 



taining a hard-shelled nut. 



(1) Leaflets narrow at base becoming larger at outer end. Nut light- 



colored, smooth, in a husk which separates more or less completely 

 into four parts when ripe (Hicoria) Hickory. 



(2) Leaflets broader at base, becoming narrower at outer end. Nut 



dark, rough, in a fleshy husk which is inseparable by natural 

 divisions and turns black when old. Pith of twigs forms numer- 

 ous cross-partitions ( Juglans) Walnut. 



VII. Leaves Compound, Opposite on Twigs 



A. Leaflets arranged along two sides of a main leafstalk, with a leaflet at the 



end. 



(1) Leaflets generally 3 (sometimes 5), toothed only near the ends. 



Fruit, a cluster of dry, winged seeds, arranged in pairs like those 

 of maple (Acer) Boxelder. 4 



(2) Leaflets generally more than 3 (3 to 11), and either not toothed 



or with small teeth. Fruit, a cluster of single-winged, dry, 

 oar-shaped "seeds" (Fraxinus) Ash. 



B. Leaflets (5 to 9) clustered at end of a main leaf-stem. Fruit, with a thick, 



warty or prickly husk, which separates into several parts, containing a 

 shiny brown nut (^Esculus) Buckeye. 



4 Boxelder, a true maple, differs from the others in having compound leaves. 



