38 BULLETIN 863, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



ONE HUNDRED EASTERN FOREST TREES 5 



Name 



Distribution 6 



Characteristics 



1. "White pine (Pinus strobus).. 



2. Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) 



3. Red or Norway pine (Pinus 



resinosa). 



4. Pitch pine (Pinus rigida) 



5. Loblolly pine (Pinus tseda) . . 



6. Shortleaf pine (Pinus echi- 



nata) . 



7. Spruce pine (Pinus glabra).. 



8. Virginia pine (Scrub pine) 



(Pinus virginiana) . 



9. Pond pine (Pinus rigida sero- 



tina). 



10. Slash pine (Cuban pine) (Pi- 

 nus caribaea). 



11. Longleaf pine (Pinus palus- 



tris) . 



12. Tamarack or Larch (Larix 



laricina). 



13. White spruce (Picea glauca) _ 



14. Black spruce (Picea mariana) 



15. Red spruce (Picea rubra) 



16. Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis). 



17. Southern cypress (Taiodium 



distichum). 



18. Balsam fir (A biesbalsamea).. 



19. Southern balsam fir (Abies 



frozen). 



20. Northern white cedar ( Th uja 



occidentalis) . 



21. Southern white cedar (Cna- 



maecyparis thyoides). 



22. Red cedar (Juniperus vir- 



giniana). 



23. Red gum (Liquidambar 



styraciflua.) 



24. Sycamore (Plaianus occi- 



dentalis). 



Northeastern and Lake States 

 and Appalachian Mountains. 



Northern tree, best growth 

 north of Lake Superior. 



Northern tree, associated with 

 white pine. 



Northeastern and middle At- 

 lantic States. 



Southeastern United States- 

 Coastal plain, New Jersey 

 to Texas. 



Middle Atlantic and Southern 

 States, with hardwood trees. 

 Piedmont uplands, New 

 Jersey to Texas. 



Southeastern States 



Fine timber tree; leaves in clusters of 5, 



3 to 5 inches long. 

 Common on sandy soil; leaves in clus- 

 ters of 2, % to \ x /i inches long. 



Leaves in clusters of 2, 5 to 6 inches 

 long. 



Leaves in clusters of 3, 3 to 5 inches 

 long. 



Leaves in clusters of 3, 6 to 9 inches 

 long. Cone, 2 to 3 inches in diameter 



Leaves in clusters of 2 and sometimes 3, 

 3 to 5 inches long. Cone small, 1 to 

 2 inches in diameter. 



Leaves in clusters of 2, \y 2 to 3 inches 

 long. 

 Do. 



Leaves 6 to 8 inches long, tree similar to 

 pitch pine but cones remain closed for 

 several years. Cone egg-shaped. 



Leaves in clusters of 2. sometimes 3, 8 to 

 ]2 inches long. Important turpen- 

 pentine tree. 



Leaves in clusters of 3, 8 to 18 inches 

 long. Important turpentine tree. 



Leaves needle-shape, % to \\i inches 

 long, in dense, brush-like clusters; 

 falling off in winter. 



Leaves J^ to % inch long, arranged 

 singly around the smooth twigs; 

 whitish. 



Similar to white spruce, but twigs are 

 minutely hairy; cones strongly at- 

 tached. 



Similar to black spruce, but cones begin 

 to fall when ripe. 



Leaves }4 to % inch long, attached by 

 " tiny leafstalks; cones l A to % inch 

 long. 



Leaves y 2 to % inch long, falling off in 

 winter; cones ball-like. 



Leaves % to lli inches long; cones up- 

 right, falling to pieces when ripe. 



Similar to balsam fir, except that the 

 cones are covered with protruding 

 scaly bracts. 



Leaves scale-like; cones ^ to ^ inch 

 long, bent backward on twigs, which 

 are flat. 



Cones ball-like; leaves somewhat re- 

 sembling arborvitse. 



Leaves scale-like, those on young shoots 

 and seedlings awl-shaped and spread 

 ing; young cones changed into a firm 

 berry. 



Leaves star-shape; fruit a bur-like ball 

 suspended by a long stalk. 



Leaves broad and coarsely toothed; 

 base of leafstalk inclosing a winter 

 bud in peculiar manner; fruit a hard- 

 surfaced, long-stalked ball. 



Leaves deeply lobed, not bristle-tipped; 

 acorns ripening in one season. 



A white oak with fringe-edged acorn 

 and larger leaves more deeply lobed. 



A white oak with acorns completely or 

 almost covered by the thin cup. 



A white oak with leaves cut deeply 

 above and below the middle lobes, 

 forming the suggestion of a cross. 



J Eastern half of United States. Most of these are important as commercial timber trees; a few, however, 

 are small sized and included because of their botanical importance and wide occurrence in mixture with 

 timber trees, particularly in second-growth forests. 



6 Stated onlv in verv general terms. More detailed descriptions of the ranges of trees in this list, and of 

 all the trees indigenous to the United States and Canada, will be found in Check List of the Forest Trees 

 of the United States. (Forestry Bulletin 17.) 



Middle Atlantic States to In- 

 diana. 



Southeastern States in Coastal 

 Plain. Scattered. 



Southeastern and Gulf States, 

 in poorly drained soils; up- 

 lands in Georgia, associated 

 with longleaf pine. 



South Atlantic and Gulf 

 States. 



Northeastern and Lake States 

 and in Canada to Alaska; 

 best growth in Canada. 



Northeastern and Lake States 

 and Canada. 



Northeastern and Lake States 

 and in Canada to Alaska. 



Northeastern States, Canada, 

 and Appalachian Mountains 



Northern and Eastern States 

 and in mountains to Georgia. 



South Atlantic and Gulf 



States; in swamps. 

 Northeastern and Lake States 



to southwest Virginia. 

 High southern Appalachian 



Mountains. 



Northeastern and Lake States 

 and eastern Canada. 



Swamps of eastern and Gulf 



Coast States. 

 Eastern United States 



Central and Southeastern 



United States. 

 Eastern United States 



25. White oak (Quercus alba) ; do. 



26. Bur oak (Quercus macro- 



carpa) . 



27. Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata) 



28. Post oak (Quercus stellata)... 



Central and Northeastern 

 United States to the Dako- 

 tas, Nebraska, and Texas. 



Southeastern United States.... 



Eastern United States. 



