6 BULLETIN 156, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the rearing cages on August 26 and adults emerged as late as the 
middle of September at Grimsby, Ontario, Canada.! | 
The pupal stage usually lasts from 15 to 19 days. One specimen 
collected at Watertown, Wis., by Mr. Davis pupated on August 8 
and the adult emerged August 19. A specimen collected at Bridge- 
port, N. Y., pupated on August 12 and emerged September 1. Other 
specimens collected July 25 at the latter place became adult Au- 
gust 12. 
The pupal chamber consists of an oval cell, the long axis of which 
is perpendicular, located at a uniform depth of about 5 inches be- 
low the surface of the soil. The dust mulch in the case under dis- 
cussion was 4 inches deep and the pupal cells were about 1 inch 
deeper than cultivation in the moist, firm soil. The pupa stands 
erect in the cell with the head upward, the larval exuvium being 
at the bottom of the cell. 
The adult evidently passes the remainder of the summer in the 
pupal cell, in which it also later hibernates. Matured adults were 
found in these cells in the fields at Bridgeport, N. Y., as late as 
September 15, and in our rearing cages adults passed the winter 
without feeding or drinking. 
Three distinct generations of larve were collected in the field in 
the summer of 1913—full-grown larve about to pupate, half-grown 
larve, and larve about one-fourth inch long—actively feeding on 
the corn. We have now in the laboratory, subject to outdoor tem- 
perature, two distinct generations of larvee collected in the summer 
of 1913. The first generation—that is, the largest larvee collected—all 
transformed to adults during August. Mr. Pettit and several others 
have made similar observations, and there is no doubt that this 
species, at least in the northeastern United States, spends three years 
as a larva. 
FOOD PLANTS. 
Agriotes mancus was observed at Bridgeport, N. Y., feeding upon 
corn seed and roots, potato tubers, wheat roots, carrots, and the un- 
derground stems of string beans; a single specimen was also found 
within the stem of the common field mushroom (Agaricus campes- 
tris). Other writers have found it attacking the cucumber, turnip, 
and cabbage. Mr. Theo. Pergande, of this bureau, records? a larva’ 
of this species feeding on the larva of a lamellicorn beetle in one of 
his rearing cages. The writer is of the opinion, however, that nor- 
mally this species is not predaceous. 
1 Pettit, J. Description of the wheat wireworm (Agriotes mancus Say). Jn Canad. 
Hnt., v. 4; No.1, p. 3-6, figi.1, January, 1872 
20. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., Notes, v. 4, No. 2795, Oct. 5, 1882. 
