THE BUD MOTH 9 



for a few moments each day, when the material was brought inside 

 for examination and removal of the larvae which had emerged. The 

 emergence as observed by this method seemed to agree for the most 

 part very closely with conditions noted in the field, except the latter 

 part of the 1921 emergence, which continued intermittently for 

 about two weeks after it was apparently complete in the field. In 

 a few instances the presence of an opening in a hibernaculum loosely 

 covered with fresh silk gave evidence that a larva had left its winter 

 nest, but not finding fresh foliage in the cage, had returned to its 

 winter quarters to await more favorable conditions. With this ex- 

 ception, Table 1 undoubtedly indicates very closely what was occur- 

 ing in the field. In 1920 the season was approximately two weeks 

 later than the normal season, but from May 6, when the bud moth 

 larvae commenced leaving their winter quarters, the weather con- 

 tinued fairly warm, and evidently favored rapid emergence. In 

 1921 the season was on the whole two weeks ahead of normal, but 

 the extreme warm periods alternated with cooler weather, which 

 explains in part the straggling emergence which occurred. 



Table 1. — Emergence of the bud moth from hibernation, Wallingford, Conn. 1 



IN 1920 





Number 

 emerged 



Temperature 



Date 



Number 

 emerged 



Temperature 



Date 



Maxi- 

 mum 



Mini- 

 mum 



Aver- 

 age 



Maxi- 

 mum 



Mini- 

 mum 



Aver- 

 age 



May 3. 





53 

 50 

 62 

 68 

 68 

 53 



o F 

 39 

 35 

 31 

 36 

 41 

 48 



O F 



44.7 

 42.6 

 46.3 

 51.5 



53.8 

 51.0 



May9 



17 

 5 

 7 

 4 

 4 

 2 



o F _ 

 72 

 75 

 66 

 66 

 57 

 54 



o F 



47 

 49 

 49 

 44 



47 

 45 



o F 

 59.3 



4 . 





10 



59. 1 



5. . 



1 

 16 

 11 

 11 



11... 



54.7 



6 



12 



56.0 



7 _ 



13... 



50. 5 



8 



14 



48.7 









IN 1921 



Apr. 4. 





o F 



70 



81 

 78 

 46 

 58 

 71 

 53 

 47 

 61 

 68 

 70 

 57 

 63 

 57 

 44 

 47 

 73 

 76 



o F 



42 

 49 

 50 

 39 

 39 

 46 

 33 

 29 

 33 

 37 

 44 

 51 

 52 

 46 

 34 

 34 

 36 

 49 



o F 



55.3 

 64.1 

 62.0 

 -41.5 

 47.3 

 57.7 

 44.0 

 36.3 

 46.4 

 51.8 

 55.7 

 54.2 

 56.7 

 53.9 

 37.4 

 40.9 

 54.0 

 60.5 



Apr. 22. 



3 



5 

 6 

 3 



o F 

 78 

 64 

 67 

 76 

 73 

 68 

 73 

 72 

 58 

 52 

 68 

 70 

 64 

 47 

 49 

 62 

 73 



° F. 

 49 

 45 

 42 

 47 

 44 

 51 

 56 

 51 

 49 

 44 

 42 

 47 

 48 

 44 

 45 

 41 

 45 



o F ^ 



60.9 



5.. 





23.. 



52.2 



6 



2 



24 



54.3 



7 



25... 



59.2 



8 



5 



7 



26... 



57.6 



9. 



27 





58.4 



10— 



28... 



1 



64.0 



11 



4 



13 

 6 

 10 



7 

 5 



1 



29 



59.8 



12... 



30 





53.8 



13 



May 1 



2 

 1 



47.5 



14... 



2 



52.4 



15 



3 



55.8 



16... 



4... 





54.8 



17 



5 





45.1 



18... 



6— 



2 

 2 

 2 



47.0 



19.... 



3 

 4 

 2 



7 



51.0 



20 



8 



56.9 



21 











Temperatures in Table 1 are from thermograph records; 24 hourly temperatures used in calculating 



On emerging from winter quarters the larva makes its way to a 

 bud or an unfolding cluster of leaves. If the bud has not yet 



96993°— 24 2 



