NATURAL HISTORY of NORWAY. 33 



in not lefs than two hundred barks, viflt Bergen every year, at the 

 fair and the aflizes, and moft of whom have upwards of an hun- 

 dred leagues to fail, are often favoured with the north and fouth 

 winds, like regular trade-winds, though not fo infallibly to be de- 

 pended on. The wind which is, with the greateft certainty, ex- 

 pected towards harveft, is the north-eaft, called Hambakke, which 

 name it derives from the melting of the mow at that time from the 

 fummits of the mountains; but there is alfo here, in fummer time, 

 and in a clear fky, another kind of a daily trade-wind along the 

 coaft, and in the creeks, known by the general appellation of 

 Soelgangs-Veyr, the weather of the fun's courfe ; and in North- 

 land, Soelfar-Vind (the wind of the fun's courfe) the wind 

 then following the fun. Nic. Hartfoeker attributes this alterna- Conjea.Phyf. 

 tive to the fun, which in the morning heats the coaft, and confe- p. 65. 

 fequently rarifles the air, but on its declenfion in the evening, the 

 air cools, and confequently recovers its gravity, and being thereby 

 become heavier than the fea-air, its own weight carries it thither, 

 and occasions a kind of ebb and flood in the air, the fluid parts 

 whereof undergo the fame agitation as water *. A little before 

 noon in the fummer time, comes on a weft, fouth- weft or north- 

 weft breeze, and holds till towards midnight ; it is called Hafgul, 

 -(fea-cooler) as coming from the fea, and indeed it tempers the heat, 

 which otherwife in the creeks and narrow valleys, would be infup- 

 portable. Oppofite to this is the Landgul ( land-cooler) or eafterly 

 breeze, which beginning at midnight, or two hours after, continues 

 till within two hours of noon, when it ufually ceafes ; towards har- 

 veft the land-cooler begins to get the afcendant, and the fea-cooler 

 to relax, and then the former is called the Korn-moen, i. e. Corn- 

 mother, bringing a feniible warmth along with it. 



Beiides thefe regular winds, the coaft is fubject to Fiekl-flagers s u dden 

 (mountain fqualls) or gufts from the land, by which, without the 



* To thefe viciflitudes of the fummer winds, which are in fome degree regular, 

 is applicable what Ariftotle's difciples write of the Etefias, which were known in 

 Greece, " Quod ad Etefias attinet, caufam harum ajunt efTe refolutionem rvivium 

 in hyberboreis fuppolaris regionis montibus, quas uti a folis radiis verberatas' atque 

 in exhalationes refolute, interdiu ventorum fuppeditabant materiam, ita nodhi dicta 

 nivium refolutione cum fole quibufdam quail induciis conftitutis, ventos partiter 

 filere cogebant." Athan. Kircherus in mundo fubterr. P. I. L. iv. Seel:, n. cap. nr. 

 p. 196. Likewife Dr. Arbuthnot in his Treat ife of the Effects of the Air upon the 

 Human Body : " The winds, when ftrong, correfpond to each other ; but, when 

 they relax, they differ, as this proceeds from local caufes. It is alio clear that the 

 Alpine mows influence the weather in England, as well as that at Zurich." 



utmoft 



