UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



DEPARTMENT BULLETIN No. 1414 



Washington, D. C. 



July, 1926 



MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS OF 



COOPERATIVE ASSOCIATIONS MARKETING 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 



A. W. McKAY, Marketing Economist 



and 



W. J. KUHRT, Assistant Marketing Economist 



Bureau of Agricultural Economics 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Problems of Fruit and Vegetable Associations 6 



Volume of Business ' 6 



Too Many Varieties 10 



Packing, Storage, and Grading Difficulties .... 11 



Control of Delivery , 17 



Inefficient Sales Service 17 



Retailing Methods and Margins 18 



Transportation Difficulties 19 



Other Organization and Management Problems .... 20 



Problems of Organization 20 



Membership Control 21 



Contracts 22 



By-Laws , 23 



Management it ,,,,,, 24 



Page 

 Other Organization and Management Problems— Contd. 



Financing Marketing Associations 25 



Accounting Records < 30 



Pooling 34 



Marketing Agencies and Methods 37 



Distributing Agencies • 37 



Methods of Sale 41 



Adjustments and Rejections 43 



Advertising 44 



Relation of Production to Cooperative Marketing ... 46 



Changes in the Supply 49 



Functions of the Cooperative Association SO 



WASHINGTON 

 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 



1926 



