CODLING MOTH IN CENTRAL APPALACHIAN REGION. 



47 



A dipterous parasite, reared from cod ling-moth larvae at Keyser in 

 1911, was determined by Mr. W. R. Walton, of the Bureau of Ento- 

 mology, as (Ilypostena) TachinopJiyto variabilis Coq. (PL I, fig. 3). 

 Only a few specimens of this species were obtained. 



HAIRWORM PARASITES. 3 



Hairworm parasites of the codling moth (PL I, figs. 5, 6) were found 

 at Greenwood, Keyser, and French Creek, being abundant in the 

 second-brood larvae at the latter place in 1911. These parasites were 

 within the bodies of the codling-moth larvae at the time collections 



Fig. 23. — Itoplectis marginatus, a parasite of the codling moth. Enlarged. (Original.) 



were made from the bands and usually issued from their hosts 10 days 

 or 2 weeks after the larvae were placed in the rearing j ars. Occasionally 

 dead larvae, surrounded by a mass of dead hairworms, were found under 

 the bands, and in a few cases the hairworms were found within apples 

 borne by the banded trees. It was evident that infestation occurred 

 at an early stage in the larval development and that all infested indi- 

 viduals died as full-grown larvae. Most of the parasitized larvae died 

 within 10 days after being placed in the rearing jars. 



The hairworms were from 2§ to 5 inches in length, and three or 

 four were frequently observed to inhabit one larva. In leaving the 

 host they passed through the anal opening or broke through the 



s Mermis sp. Material was referred to Dr. B. H. Ransom, of the Bureau of Animal Industry, but as 

 the specimens were all immature, they could not be determined specifically. 



