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Tutroduction 2222522 ae 1 | Management of forest lands and what 
The crux of the forest problem in the it; Tavolves: oe ee eee 
Take States 6/2 hos eo Rae 5 Intensive forestry pays where 
The northern conifer—hardwood for- g crude forest practice may not_ 
OSES as pee Ee eR Es here EMCO YN 6 ustained yield—the basis of for- 
A region of extensive commercial est Management ——-__________ 
FATONES ee ee ee 6 Release cuttings, thinnings, and 
Northern hardwoods___-----__- 7 underplantings _____________ 
Pinelands. 1c Neato 8 q Forest planting] =~ -=22)5-) 
Bona and white pine____ i ae Fires 1s necessary — 
Coed togh Oty Meee As aS SES ee 
rs Ke Cost of planting i Sess 
ete ee RL oe aie iy, : Returns fron planting_____ 
North eriiwhite | cedar Protective measures against dis- 
swamps Mn de MK eh od Weta De eae 9 sane nae insects ——-—-—-— 
Tamarack Swamps ________ 9 ister rust and rots_-___ 
Black spr valtps _____ : Insectss-- 1 5 see ee eee 
Mixed e ae aaa 2 Specific recommendations for han- 
Se a EN a tet 9 | ““dling the forests of the Lake Stat 
weet. logging and fires do to the for- ne Toned Lia ara Seer aan ee ae 
eG Gees OS ee Sopcast wae Hardwood—hemlock forests __--~- 
Effect of logging and fires upon ing a 
Eye ae eNO: totes 10 bn Gieae ee eames 
ear cutting an res change arti > 6 ive” 2 
Norway and white pine forests E fae an Saget a 
into jack pine or aspen forests. 12 Stands alsen parece 
Clear cutting and burning jack Slash disposal ium 2 a 
pine forests begets jack pine. 12 Wieldé and. Costs 2. wee 
Aspen and paper birch follow Norway and white pine_______ 
cer cubne and free na hard- 13 Clear cutting. Uae ae 
wood or white pine land_____ Leaving seed trees__--_--_ 
Ere rests little changed by is Clear cutting with planting_ 
a artialcuuhins = eae 
First_aid to reforestation_________- 15 Slash disposals. 522 8e252 
Fire prevention—the key to the Probabie yields and costs__ 
Sy ABUL Y Bo) deeclas Sei eet DAS enter ae eer 16 Jack’ pImMes <seie se eee 
General fire organization __ 16 Perpetuating present 
Hane eprgtee lion on State a0 SS Pade Ea ee 
TS oe he nk ee ee rtial cutting to increase 
Private efforts in forest-fire the proportion of Norway 
DLOLeChiOn soso" sos eo Le 20 and, white pine £2225 = = 
Slash disposal—its effectiveness Slash disposal_—___-~_-~_- 
as a forest measure. /.... 929 z Probable yields and costs_- 
Broadcast burning ________ 24 Aspen and paper birch stands__ 
Piling the slash and burn- Ferpetuating aspen_——_____ 
ine defer eo eer seins 24 Conversion of aspen into co- 
Progressive burning at the niferous stands---___--- 
- time of logging cha eon 24 ae ato ees Se SS 
opping of tops without S and costs————----——— 
ae Rees a putes ove 25 Swdhip forests 22 = 2s eee 
Examples of slash disposal_ 25 Cutting in black spruce____ 
General conclusions regard- Clear cutting in strips__--_ 
ing slash disposal and its 56 Pore Ses pena 
OS ee NS So UC, Une L 
Rogeing practice: es 30 mixed swamp forests_-_- 
Cutting to a diameter limit_ 30 Singh dicoocat ee ee Gib 
Saye young and’ unmer Probable yields and costs__ 
Se oe ee 21 Sunmmary of recommendations for 
Cutting timber around lake fe ee ace ee ES ing Saeaeen OnE 
RONG Spee oe saes sed 7 a 7 : ENG Ril 
Stabilization of forest taxation. 32 pea tiks Mraatianeee ats ete 2 
Financial aspects of timber grow- Aspen and birch______--______ 
ing ------------~----~--~-- 82 Swamp forests i sce eeeee 
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT 
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The author acknowledges with thanks his indebtedness to forest schools, State forest 
organizations, and many lumbermen in the region for the help he received from them in 
the prosecution of the field work, and for constructive suggestions and criticisms in the 
preparation of this bulletin, 
