SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HANDLING FOREST LANDS 
HARDW OOD—HEMLOCK 
Fire protec- 
tion. 
Slash  dis- 
posal. 
Methods of 
cutting 
Fire _ pro- 
tection. 
Slash  dis- 
posal. 
Methods of 
cutting. 
First essential reforestation measures 
Complete fire protection __________------------ 
State-wide protection supplemented by pro- 
tection of individual tracts. 
No slash disposal except along highways, log- 
ging roads, trails, ete. 
Heavy slashings over large continuous areas 
to be broken up by fire strips about 50 feet 
wide. 
burned in piles. 
No change in present logging practice, i. e., 
cutting for saw logs. Preferably cutting 
should be confined only to trees that can be 
economically logged, i. e., toa diameter limit 
of 14 inches, using tops and large limbs for 
ties, mine timbers, or chemical wood. 
Care in logging to guard, as far as practicable, 
against injuring unmerchantable young trees 
left standing. 
After clear cutting, 6,000 board feet in 100 years, 
or 8,000 board feet in 120 years. 
If only saw-log timber is cut, 6,000 board feet in 
50 or 60 years after logging. 
Expense of fire protection at 3 cents per acre, 
in addition to annual taxes and interest on 
the investment in land. 
On these strips the slash shou'd be 
Forest management 
Complete fire protection. 
State-wide protection supplemented by spe- 
cial protection of individual tracts. 
No slash disposal except for ordinary pre- 
cautions of keeping highways and logging 
roads clear of débris, and within the forest 
leaving the tops flat on the ground. 
Selective logging. Leave about two-thirds 
of present merchantable stand, but remove 
from 50 to 75 per cent ofits value by cutting 
only the largest trees. 
In second growth, release cuttings and thin- 
nings may be justified to increase propor- 
tion of desirable species. 
Occasional introduction of such species as 
white pine or other conifers by planting 
may be desirable. 
Annual growth of 100 to 200 board feet per 
acre per year, according to distribution of 
tree sizes left and the original volume. 
Growth at the rate of from 2 to 214 per cent 
per acre. 
In addition to expense for fire protection, an- 
nual taxes, and interest on land, there are 
carrying charges on the capital tied up in 
stumpage left on the ground, and technical 
supervision for marking timber. 
NORWAY AND WHITE PINE 
First essential reforestation measures 
Complete fire protection____________-----_---- 
State-wide protection supplemented by pro- 
tection of individual tracts. 
Slash should be disposed of over entire area 
by progressive burning in piles at the time 
of logging and before skidding. 
Avoid clear cutting ofall merchantable timber, 
unless there is abundant reproduction on 
the ground or cutting is done during or prior 
to good seed year. Leave at least two or 
three small wind-firm trees of merchantable 
size on each acre in addition to all below 
merchantable size. Safer to leave at least 
10 per cent of merchantable volume of stand. 
Yield may vary greatly. There may be no 
yield ofsecond-growth Norway orwhite pine; 
instead, scattering stand of jack pine, yield- 
ing in 40 years from 5 to 10 cords per acre, or 
on the better white pine land, apet yield- 
ing in 40 years 10 cords. Or the land may 
produce in 80 years from 8,000 to 10,000 board 
feet per acre of Norway and white pine. 
Only expense is for fire protection, in addition 
to annual taxes and interest on the value of 
the land. Cost of slash disposal chargeable 
to logging and not to timber growing. 
Forest management 
Complete fire protection. 
State-wide protection supplemented by pro- 
tection of individual tracts. 
Slash should be disposed of over entire area 
by progressive burning in piles at the time 
of logging and before skidding. 
Partial cutting, leaving about 25 per cent of 
merchantable stand, in addition to all 
trees of smaller size. Clear cutting may 
be practiced, provided the logged-off land 
is replanted within three years after log- 
ging, before it is overrun by shrubs and 
grasses. 
About 20,000 board feet per acre in about 
80 years for both Norway and white pine. 
Growth at the rate of 250 board feet per acre 
per year. 
In addition to usual cost for fire protection, 
taxes, and interest on land, there are carry- 
ing charges on portion of stumpage left on 
the ground, or cost of planting up cut-over 
land, at about $7 per acre. 
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