REPELLENTS FOR PROTECTING ANIMALS FROM FLIES. 9 



Jensen (1909) recommended the following mixture containing 

 crude petroleum for dairy cows. He states that it remains on cattle 

 for at least a week. 



Common laundry soap 1 pound. 



Water 4 gallons. 



Crude petroleum 1 gallon. 



Powdered naphthalin 4 ounces. 



Cut the soap into thin shavings and dissolve in water by the aid 

 of heat ; dissolve the naphthalin in the crude oil, mix the two solu- 

 tions, put them into an old dasher churn, and mix thoroughly for 15 

 minutes. The mixture should be applied once or twice a week with 

 a brush. It must be stirred well before being used. 



A mixture of cottonseed oil and pine tar in the proportion of two 

 parts of the former to one part of the latter has been recommended 

 to relieve cattle of flies. 



Fish or train oil is generally rated as one of the best repellents. 

 Its protective action is said to last from two to six days, depending 

 on the temperature and humidity. A great many mixtures have 

 been recommended in which fish oil occurs as an important ingre- 

 dient. Moore (1903) recommended the following mixture for use 

 on dairy cows: 



Fish oil 100 parts. 



Oil of tar 50 parts. 



Crude carbolic acid 1 part. 



The cost of the mixture was about 35 cents per gallon. The mix- 

 ture was applied with a small hand spray pump. One application 

 was effective for two days. 



Bishopp (1913) gives the following formula for a mixture that is 

 said to be very effective in keeping flies from live stock, when applied 

 lightly: 



Fish oil 1 gallon. 



Oil of tar 2 ounces. 



Oil of pennyroyal 2 ounces. 



Kerosene 1 pint. 



Parrott (1900), at the Kansas Agricultural College, found that 

 repellents were not as effective in Kansas as they were said to be in 

 other States. Fish oil was effective for less than two days. 



The following formula is recommended by him as being as effec- 

 tive as fish oil, and at the same time cheaper and more lasting : 



Pulverized resin 2 parts (by measure). 



Soap shavings 1 part. 



Water 1 part. 



Fish oil 1 part. 



Oil of tar 1 part. 



Kerosene - 1 part. 



Water 3 parts. 



51293°— Bull. 131—14 2 



