54 T, W. E. DAVID. 
Mr. E. F, Pittman informs me that he has measured a seam of 
coal over nine inches in thickness in these shales at Bankstown, 
Lenticular beds of argillaceous limestone occur sparingly ; one of 
these has been worked for the manufacture of Portland Cement by 
Messrs. Goodlet and Smith near Granville ; another, on a higher 
horizon forms the capping of a lofty ridge at Badgelly Trigono- 
metrical Station to the west of Campbelltown. Vanadic oxide 
has been recorded as occurring in these shales. : 
In the railway sections between Penrith and Sydney the shales 
exhibit folding and faulting on a small scale, due, I think, rather 
to an expansion of the shales through weathering than to deep- 
seated disturbances. This is proved by the fact that these folds 
and faults may be observed to completely disappear downwards 
as they approach the surface of the underlying Hawkesbury 
Sandstone ; they are, in fact, what may be termed expansion folds 
and expansion faults. In their upper portions the Wianamatta 
Shales become arenaceous, and towards Mittagong assume a 
chocolate or reddish purple colour, which makes them (in hand 
specimens) almost indistinguishable from the chocolate shales of 
the Narrabeen Beds. Barytes [f. H. G. Smith] occurs in these 
shales as well as in the Hawkesbury Sandstone.' 
Fossils are most abundant near the base of the Wianamatta 
Shales, where they are preserved in concretions of clay ironstone. 
Dwarfed types of the Unionide are very abundant in places; they 
have been collected chiefly by Mr. B. Dunstan, and have been 
referred by Mr, R. Etheridge Junr. to the following species :—JU. 
Dunstani, U.(?) Wianamattensis, Unionella Carnet. U. Bowralensis. 
A small Mastodonsawrus was discovered also by Mr. Dunstan, at 
the Gib Rock tunnel near Bowral; and lately a gigantic specimen, 
probably referable to the Mastodonsauride, and measuring not 
less than ten feet, was found by him in a large ironstone concre- 
tion at the St. Peter’s brickpits near Sydney. He has also, by 
systematic and industrious collecting, lately brought to light 4 
large collection of fossil fish, as yet undescribed. The following 
1 Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales, (Series 2nd) Vol. 11., pt. 2, pp. 131 - 132. 
