164 R. ETHERIDGE, T. W. E. DAVID, AND J. W. GRIMSHAW. 
be found at levels usually from four to ten feet above high water, 
and are important as indicating that the east and south coasts (if 
not the whole insular mass of Australia) are rising, further sup- 
port to which conclusion is afforded by the fact of nearly all the 
streams and estuaries having bar entrances, which in some 
instances become entirely blocked up until a passage is opened by 
land floods.” 
In 1894, Mr. G. A. Stonier, F.c.s., described a raised terrace of 
auriferous black sand, six feet above ordinary high water mark, 
near the Evans. River in the Lismore District, New South Wales." 
The following year Mr. J. E. Carne, F.a.s., described similar 
terraces at a level of a few feet above high water, at Jerusalem 
Creek in the same district.2, Mr.: Carne, however, states :— 
““Whether the slight elevation of the surface of the black rock 
represents an elevation of the land or depression of the sea bed, 
or simply an accumulation of sand thrown up by stormy conditions, 
sufficient data are not yet to hand to enable a determination to be 
arrived at.” 
(3) Stability.—The paper by Mr. T. E. Rawlinson, c.z., on the 
coast line formation of the Western District of Victoria,* does not 
bring forward evidence either as to elevation or subsidence, but 
is rather in favour of stability in the level of the coast line in 
recent geological time. He says,* “The formation of the land and 
its three distinct coast lines as described indicate considerable 
changes of coast, and these changes must have occurred since the 
upheavalof the land toits present level.” —(The italics are ours). He 
concludes that the land has gained on the sea in southern Victoria 
in recent geological time, chiefly through accumulation of shell 
sand, and not through elevation of the sea floor. R. Daintree 
referring to the eastern coast of Queensland, states that “ little 
1 Annual Report Department of Mines, N. S. Wales, 1894, p. 130. By 
Authority, Sydney, 1895. 2 Op. cit., p. 151, 1895, published 1896. 
Trans. and Proc. Roy. Soc. Vie. Vol. x1v., pp. 25-34, 1878. * Op. cit.» 
p. 31 
