OCCURRENCE OF A SUBMERGED FOREST. 175 
situ, just as they grew when their stems were attached. A few 
were lying over on their sides. At the time of our examination, 
only about three trees were still left im s¢tw on this horizon, viz.; 
Stumps 1, 2, and 5, as shown on the longitudinal section, (Plate 9). 
No. 1 Stump lay at the bottom of the canal, and had a large 
“buttress,” the roots spreading out in their natural position, some 
with rootlets attached at least six inches long by two inches in 
diameter. The root rested on and was implanted two feet in dark 
clayey sand, above the top of the stump was one foot of peaty 
material, and then the estuarine bed (e), there six feet thick. Mr. 
E. F. Pittman, the Government Geologist, traced one of its roots 
by digging for fully six feet from the centre of the stump—the 
root extended horizontally and slightly downwards—and satisfied 
himself as to the stump being really in situ. The root was still 
over four inches thick at the furthest point to which it was traced. 
This stump is ten feet below low water, and belongs to the Swamp 
Mahogany, Eucalyptus botryoides. 
No. 2 Stump showed evidence of having been burnt off at the 
top, and the roots also appeared charred. It belongs to Honey- 
suckle, Banksia (B. serrata). The subsequent discovery of the 
cones by Mr. R. Baker, proves the existence of this species in 
nts submerged forest. It is also ten feet below low water, and 
18 1m situ, 
No. 5 Stump, occurring at the same level, was also dug around 
by us to make sure that it was in situ, and the roots were found 
Bs radiate for at least four feet from the stump. This stump 
belonged to the Mahogany, Eucalyptus (? E. resinifera). Mention 
should also be made of the fact that during the early part of the 
work, Mr. A. S. Patison, surveyor in charge at Shea’s Creek, 
followed one root belonging to a stump in the bottom of the canal 
near the upper dam, for twenty-one feet. The stump to which it _ 
belonged had a diameter of two feet six inches. No doubt, there- 
fore, exists in our minds as to the stumps described above being 
really in situ, and Mr. E. F. Pittman, the Government Geologist 
“oncurs with us in this opinion. Cr es 
