KUNGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 57. >*:0 4. 45 



violent heachvind obliged him to turn back to his starting-point. (Bl. & Rob. XXVII, p. 

 187. Colin, I, p. 166. 1 ) Despite this failure and the losses caused thereby, he dispatched 

 in the following year to Peru a new ship, "Nuestra Senora de la Cinta", Captain 

 Gonzalo Ronquillo de Ballesteros, which also had to put back. (Colin, I, p. 170.) 

 In the year 1581 some Franciscan friars, among them Father Martin Ignacio de 

 Loyola (a nephew of the founder of the Jesuits), on the way for China, embarked at 

 Acapulco. The voyage is described in the following fashion: — 



From this harbour they steered SW., until they had come down to 12 l J° lat. in order there to 

 pick up suitable winds. These, which sailors call brisas, are so favorable and steady that, specially 

 if one sails in the months of November, December and January, it is only quite exceptionally that 

 one needs to move the sails. As one sails with such comfort, and as storms seldom occur, this sea is 

 called El mar de Damas. One steers a westerly course and continually follows the sun as it moves 

 awaj^ from our hemisphere. They sailed över this sea for 52 days without seeing land, and after the 

 lapse of this time they reached the Ladrones. . . These islands are situated in 12° lat., and there are 

 different opinions as to the distance to them from Acapulco, inasmuch as up to the present day no 

 one has been able to measure the degrees in sailing from east to west. Some estimate the distance at 

 1700 leagues, others at 1800; but the opinion of the former is regarded as being the safer. (Juan Gon- 

 cales de Mendoca, Hist. de las cosas mas notables . . . del gran Reyno de la China, Madrid 1586, 

 Appendix.) 



1582. Francisco Gali starts, on 10 March, from Acapulco and sails, first WSW. 

 and then W. and then W by S., until after having covered 1800 leagues, he reaches I si a 

 de Engano (Guam), the southernmost of the Ladrones, the situation of which is stated as 

 13 l l° N. lat. and 164° E. long. from the meridian of Terceira. After a further distance 

 of 280 leagues they reach Cape Espiritu Santo, and finally Manila. (Linschoten, Reys- 

 gheschrift, Amst. 1595, p. 101.) 



1584. Francisco Gali, who, after his arrival at Manila in 1582, had continued 

 his voyage to Macao, sailed from there in order to explore the Japanese waters, as com- 

 manded by the King. It was certainly contrary to orders that he went to China, 2 and, 

 instead of searching for a new route, followed the old one which had long been known 

 through the voyages of the Portuguese to Japan. Concerning this voyage we have a 

 hitherto unpublished narrative in the National Library at Lisbon, 3 which runs as follows 

 in translation: — 



I sailed from Macao on 29 July 1584, and, when I had got outside the harbour, I steered towards 

 SE by E. in order to pass the White Island [Piedra Branca]. After I had passed this island, I steered 



1 Cf. Arthur Wichmann (EnldeclcungsgescJiichte von Neu-Guinea, p. 33), who doubts whether this 

 expedition ever took plaee. 



2 Probably it is Gali's expedition which is referred to in the following passage: "El navio San Juan 

 que iba ä Nueva Espafia, arriba maliciosamente ä la costa de la China." (Colin, I, p. 169.) 



3 Viagem que se fez de Amaquao porto da China onde estao os Portugueses pera a Noua Espanha 

 (Cod. mss. no. 637, p. 140). Another narrative of the same voyage was publNhed by Jan Huyghen van 

 Linschote.v in his Jleys gheschrifl (Amsterdam 1595), ch. 54. In the main the Portuguese manuscript is in accord- 

 anee with this account; the differences generally consist only in some additions and comparisons which the 

 Dutch editor may be supposed to have added out of his own resources in order to make the account more 

 intelligible to his own compatriots. 



