52 DAHLGREN, THE DISCOVERY OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 



p. 232. Colin. II, p. 39. ) In the other ship, the almiranta "San Pablo", sailed the Italian 

 merchant Antonio Carletti and his son Francesco, who has given a detailed description 

 of the voyage. He tells us about the tricks which had to be employed in order to circum- 

 vent the regulations, which did not allow anyone to embark for the Philippines unless 

 he belonged to the crew or intended to settle in the islands, and which fixed the lading 

 of the vessel at a certain value. The elder Carletti was inscribed as a "constable" in the 

 artillery and the younger as a "guardian"; the captain took charge of their money at a 

 certain percentage. The voyage went as usual in a westerly direction, in 14° — 15° lat., 

 with a steady favorable wind, so that they had no need to move sails or yards. Af ter 76 

 days they reached the Ladrones, where the vessel was surrounded by a swarm of canoes, 

 whose occupants offered water and fruit in exchange for bits of iron. At the sight of these 

 wretched natives one of the Capuchins on board was seized with a holy zeal to convert 

 them to Christianity: he suddenly jumped down into a canoe provided only with his 

 breviary and a crucifix, and in the attempts to recover him two members of the crew were 

 against their will compelled to accompany him to the shore. (After the ship had sailed 

 without them, they had to stay on the island till the following year, 1597, when, as the 

 ships from New Spain were again passing, the said religious and soldiers were received on 

 board. Bl. & Rob. X, p. 262. ) This ship, too, was attacked by storms in the neighbour- 

 hood of Cape Espiritu Santo, was driven helplessly about on the sea for many days, but 

 finally reached Manila in safety in June 1596. (Fr. Carletti, Viaggi. No v. ed. da 

 Carlo Gargiolli, Firenze 1878, pp. 117—138). 



The galleon "San Felipe", under the command of Mathias de Landecho, sails 

 from Manila in the beginning of July 1596, heavily laden. It encountered heavy storms, 

 a large part of the cargo had to be thrown overboard in order to lighten the ship; and in 

 37° lat., after sailing 600 leagues from the Philippines, they löst the rudder, and accord- 

 ingly were compelled to turn back to seek a haven in Japan. After six days they reached 

 the coast of the province of Tosa (Shikoku). The Japanese towed the helpless ship into 

 a harbour, but there confiscated it and its cargo, after which the crew was sent honie to 

 the Philippines on different vessels. (Morga, pp. 75 — 83. The literature dealing with 

 the involuntary visit of the "San Felipe" to Japan is very extensive, owing to the f act 

 that it resulted in a persecution of Christians, in which twenty-six persons, Spaniards 

 and native converts, suffered martyrdom. Cf. James Murdoch, A History of Japan, 

 Kobe 1 903, pp. 287 et sequ. ) 



As regards Alvaro de Mendana's second voyage, undertaken with the object of 

 again searching for the Solomon Islands, we need only remind our readers that he left 

 Callao with four ships on 9 April 1595; that while sailing westwards in about 10° S. lat., 

 he discovered the Marquesas and the Santa Cruz Islands, and, after he had died there on 

 18 October, the command of the expedition was taken över by his widow, Doha Isabel 

 Barreto, who was compelled to abandon the colony on Santa Cruz and go to Manila 

 in order to try to sa ve the remnants of the expedition, which was threatened with destruc- 

 tion by sickness and internal quarrels. The pilot Pedro Fernandez de Quiros was in 

 charge of the ship "San Jeronimo" and, after calling at the Ladrones, took it into Manila, 

 where they arrived on 11 February 1596 Avith people and ship in the most wretched con- 



