KUNGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 57- NIO 4- 169 



voyage (1614 — 17) nötning is saicl tkereon. 1 The same inap as lay bef ore Briggs, however, 

 had previously been used in Holland, namely by Abraham Goos in making a map printed 

 in Amsterdam 1624.- A detailed comparison shows tkat tkat map and Briggs' agree in 

 tke main: probably tkey are both copied from some earlier map publisked in Holland. 



On botk tkese maps we see tke island of Ullao in about 21° N. lat., dne nortk of tke 

 westernmost of tke Revilla Gigedo Islands (incorrectly called Lanublada) and sontk of 

 tkat part of tke coast of California wkick, if laid ont on a modern map, wonld be cut by 

 llo c W. long. Gr. On Goos' map we see west of tkis, at a distance of about 12 degrees of 

 longitude, tke Los Monges group, wkile tkat group is lacking in Briggs. Sometimes alone 

 and sometimes in tkis company, tke island of Ullao afterwards appears on a majority of 

 seventeentk century maps. 



1 ka ve above (p. 27) expressed a surmise tkat tkis island was named af ter Francisco 

 de Ulloa (1540): :! I tkink tkis is most probable, altkougk it is not impossible tkat tke 

 island was named after some otker Captain of tke same name, e. g. Löpe de Ulloa (1603). 

 It is not mentioned, kowever, in tke narrative of any voyage; and it is impossible to decide 

 witli certainty what ougkt to be understood by it. I skall låter (p. 185) give tke reasons 

 wky I consider tkat Ulloa is identical witk Alijos Rocks; and I wisk kere only to remark 

 tkat, if tke island on Goos' and Briggs' maps were moved up from 21° to 25° N. lat., it 

 would approximately coincide witk tke real position tkat tkese rocks occupy in relation 

 to California. 



Tke preceding account kas skown - - mcontrovertibly, it seems to me — from wkat 

 tke Los Monges group derives its origin, and kow, being regarded as an appendix, so to 

 speak, to tke mainland of America, it kad to follow tkat mainland so far as tke carto- 

 grapkers found tkemselves induced to increase tke distance between tkat continent and 

 Asia. In tkis respect, kowever, tke cartograpkers were still far from tke reality. If we 

 look at a map of tke world from tke end of tke seventeentk century, we see tke eastern 

 coast of Asia, at tke Tropic of Cancer, placed about 30 degrees too far towards tke east, 

 and tke west coast of America about 10 degrees too far towards tke west — in otker words, 

 tkat tke breadtk of tke Pacific was about 40 degrees too small. 



Before tkese and otker malformations disappeared from tke maps, tke work of 

 tkorougkly reforming cartograpky kad made great strides forward. Jean Dominique 

 Cassini kad solved tke previously well-nigk insuperable difficulty of determming geo- 

 grapkical longitude; and tkrougk tke work of kimself and his pupils at tke Paris Obser- 

 vatör, founded in 1667, a firm foundation kad been laid for tke improvement of carto- 



1 Oost ende West-Indisclie Spiegliel waer in beschreven tverden de tivee laetste Navigatien ... De eene 

 door Ioris van Spilbergex . . . De andere ghedaen by Iacob Le Maike . . . Amst. 1619. The annexed world-map. 

 un which the tracks of the two travellers are laid out, still represents California as a peninsula. 



- This map (Fig. 14), called 't Noorder deel van West-Indien, is pnblished in a book with the following title: 

 Wcst-Indische Spieghcl, waer vrme men sien kan, alle de Eylandcn, Provintien, Lantschappen, het machtige 

 Jtyek van Mexico, evCt Gout en Silver-rycke Landt van Peru . . . door Athanasium Inga, Peruaen, van Cusco. 

 t Amst. by Broer Iansz. ende Iacob Pietersz. Wacbter . . . Anno 1624. — The book, whose authors name is 

 cvidently a pseudonym, Avould seem to be a compilation after Spanish sources, with a few additions. See P. 

 A. Tiele. Xederlandsche Bibliographie en» Land- en Yolkenkunde, Amst. 1884, p. 118. 



:t That Ullao is an erroneous form of Ulloa is confirmed by the Spanish charts, to which we shall 

 return in the next chapter. 



K. Sv Vet. Akad. Handl. Band 57. N:o 4. 22 



