KTJNGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND 57. N:0 4- 185 



the Anson chart presents a dissimilarity to other contemporary charts, 1 and remarked 

 that the difference in longitude had arisen through an augmentation in the middle 

 of the chart, so that the distance between the two banks, Baxo de Villalobos and Manuel 

 Rodriguez, which on other charts is only 5 degrees, has grown on the Anson chart to 15 

 degrees. In assuming that this was owing to the fact that the Spanish original of Anson' s 

 chart had been drawn on two or three separate sheets, and that when these were j oined 

 together an error had been made by the English editor or engraver, Burney quite certainly 

 made a mistake. We have here without doubt a quite intentional alteration, and probably 

 we here see the correction "by our own observations" which the editor says that he had 

 introduced into the printed copy. Anson, in very close agreement with the reality, had 

 determined the distance between Acapulco and Tinian in the Mariannes at 114° 50'; 2 

 but as that distance on the Spanish chart amounted to only 103°, it was necessary to make 

 a corresponding lengthening when Anson' s course had to be laid out on it. This had the 

 consequence that the placing of the islands on the eastern half of the chart underwent 

 a perfectly capricious distortion. 



This removal affected the pseudo-Hawaiian Islands: thus we see that Los Monges, 

 which Cabrera Bueno placed in 89° long., is in 99° in the Anson chart, and La Desgraciada, 

 whose position in Bueno is 91° 50', lies in 102° 10' in Anson. The speculations to which 

 the longitudes in the Anson chart have given rise in a number of authors are thus quite 

 imaginary: in any case their valuelessness is evident to anyone who has seen how the 

 islands have changed their position in the course of time. More worthy of notice is their 

 position with regard to America. By a progress completely analogous with that which 

 we have observed in dealing with the printed maps, they have been released from their 

 dependence on the American coast: while California has been moved further towards the 

 east, the islands have been allowed to retain their oceanic position. The same is the case 

 with Isla de Paxaros and Ulloa. On older maps, for example those by Abraham Goos 

 and Antonio Sanches, we have met these islands quite close to California; but when Cali- 

 fornia underwent the removal mentioned, the islands became parted from it, which in 

 its turn had the consequence that they were not recognized by låter discoverer, but received 

 new names. The Anson chart shows us, therefore, with the same mutual relation (NW. 

 — SE.) both Isla de Pasaros and Ulva as well as Guardaloupe and Farollon de los Alisos. 

 As a matter of fact, we have here doublets of the same islands, a fact which can be proved 

 historically as regards the more northern ones, while it seems to me undubitable that 

 Ulloa is identical with the Alijos Rocks, as both the distance and the direction in relation 

 to the more northerly island agree in both cases. 



If we wish to try to determine the age of the Anson chart, the agreement with 

 Delisle's maps unquestionably points to the same period as that during which the original 

 of these latter maps came into existence. The year 1664 for the discovery of certain islands 

 in the neighbourhood of Japan occurs in both sets of maps; and when the islands which, 



1 A Chronological History, V, p. 157. Burney cites two Spanish manuscript charts resembling that of 

 Anson, one by the pilot Joseph Belverde, the other anonyinous, and both und.ited; but he does not mention 

 where these were, and I have nowhere seen any statement as to whether they now exist {Ibid., p. 161). 



2 Anson's Voyage, p. 308. 



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