186 DAHLGREN, THE DISCOVERY OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 



according to Delisle, were discovered in 1688, are marked in the Anson chart as "Islas 

 nuevas del ano de 1716", this latter date is quite certainly a mistake, for both Cabrera 

 Bueno and the Stockholm chart described below agree in giving the year 1688 for that 

 discovery. From about the same time, 1686, dates the discovery of Basso de S ta Mosa; 1 

 and from 1702 that of Bosario 2 and the neighbouring islands, which are laid out, though 

 without a name, on the Anson chart north of the island of S n Alexander. The latest 

 discovery entered in the chart is "Isla de la Passion discovered in 1715". The date, how- 

 ever, is incorrect: the island intended is that discovered on 3 April 1711 by the French 

 captain Mathieu Martin de Chassiron and named by him lie de la Passion because it was 

 seen on Good Friday: on modern maps it is named Clipperton. 3 Probably the discovery 

 of lie de la Passion, which was nnknown to Cabrera Bueno, is a låter addition to Anson' s 

 original, which can thus in all probability be determined to have come into existence 

 about the year 1700. 



The Seville chart, 1770 (Pl. IV). In Archivo de Indias there is a chart with the 

 following title "Mapa derrotero del viaje que hizo de Manila a Nueva Espa n a el piloto 

 D. Francisco Xavier Estorbo y Gallegos, marcandose en el las costas de Nueva Espana ? 

 Filipinas y Japon y las islas Carolinas, de los Ladrones, Rica de Oro, Rica de Platå, Bar- 

 budos etc." (Est. 89, caj. 3, leg. 22). According to the description given by the head of 

 the Indian Archives, Don Pedro Torres Lanzas, 4 the chart is executed in colours and 

 measures 210 x 68 cm. A line drawn on the chart (linea de puntos de color de aguamar) 

 shows the voyage of the Pilot Don Francisco Xavier Estorbo y Gallegos. This man 

 is mentioned as early as 1740 as pilot on the patache "Nuestra Sehora de Cobadonga"; 

 by 1770 therefore he must have been a man fairly advanced in years. A photograph of 

 this chart that I have obtained from Seville is so much reduced in size that it is not quite 

 distinct in all the details: in particular, the names are difficultto decipher, sometimes quite 

 illegible. This is still more the case in the reproduction here given in Pl. IV. The f acsimile 

 shows, however, that the chart in all essentials fullyagrees with the otherch arts that are 

 here treated. It dif f ers from Cabrera Bueno and the Stockholm chart in making the distance 

 from Cape Espiritu Santo to Acapulco 10 degrees longer. As the position of Acapulco 

 thuscoincides with that on the Anson chart, it is possible that the longitudes were corrected 

 with the help of that chart. Another novelty, pointing to an improvement taken from 

 the Anson chart, is that the latitudes are drawn on a increasing scale (Mercator's projec- 

 tion), while the Stockholm chart is in the simple cylindrical projection. 



The following table of the longitudes of some of the most conspicuous points shows 

 the relations of the different charts with regard to distances: — 



1 See above, p. 96. 

 s See above, p. 109. 



3 See my book De franska sjöfärderna, pp. 327 — 329. 



4 Relation descriptioa de los mapas, pianos, etc., de Filipinas existentes en el Archivo general de 

 Indias, Madrid 1897 (No. 64). 



