DEVELOPMENT OF PULP WOOD RESOURCES. 11 



Sitka Spruce- 

 Dry weight of wood per solid cubic foot, 24 pounds. 

 Average fiber length, 3.5 mm. 



Sulphite pulp : Yield 1,080 pounds ; easily bleached ; easy pulped ; excel- 

 lent strength and color. Possible uses, similar to white spruce; is con- 

 sidered the standard for sulphite pulpwood and is used for news, wrap- 

 ping, book, and high-grade printings, etc. 

 Sulphate pulp: Yield 1,150 pounds; easily pulped; excellent strength and 

 color. Possible uses, similar to white spruce; highest grade of kraft 

 paper and strong fiber board. 

 Mechanical pulp: Yield 2,040 pounds; character, slightly grayish color. 

 Possible uses, similar to white spruce; for practically every use where 

 ground wood pulp is required. 



Western Hemlock — 



Dry weight of wood per solid cubic foot, 23 pounds. 



Average fiber length, 2.7 mm. 



Sulphite pulp : Yield 1.050 pounds ; easily bleached ; easily pulped ; good 



strength, fair color. Possible uses, similar to white spruce ; is considered 



the standard for sulphite pulp wood and is used for news, wrapping, book, 



and high-grade printings, etc. 

 Sulphate pulp: Yield 1,100 pounds; character, good strong fiber. Possible 



uses, similar to white spruce; highest grade of kraft paper and strong 



fiber board. 

 Mechanical pulp: Yield 2,160 pounds; character, good strength and fiber; 



grayish color. Possible uses, similar to white spruce ; for practically 



every use where ground wood pulp is required. 



The Forest Service has little test data on black cottonwood, but 

 from the resemblance this wood, bears to other " poplars," and the 

 results of its use in mixture by some of the western mills, it may be 

 said with a fair degree of conservatism that this species will produce, 

 with a medium yield per cord, a ground wood pulp of good white 

 color, of short fiber, of little strength, soft, and free from pitch. It 

 would serve as a filler for the finer grades of ground-wood papers 

 when properly mixed with spruce ground wood and the long-fibered 

 sulphate pulp. 



There is every reason to believe that the Alaska cottonwood as a 

 species would serve well as a source of soda pulp for high-grade 

 book paper. The softness of the fiber would really be advantageous, 

 and remnants of bark, knots, and fungous stain would be of no con- 

 sequence in the soda process. 



LOGGING. 



The use of timber for commercial pulpwood in Alaska is just be- 

 ginning. The 400,000,000 feet of timber sold and cut to date from 

 the National Forests in Alaska has been made into products such as 

 piling, sawlogs, and shingle bolts. The logging methods have been 

 developed from "hand logging," in which the trees were felled so 



