250 JOHN FRASER. 



(b). The word kutu reminds me that there are some unsavoury 

 words, which are a strong proof of identity of origin among races; 

 for if these words have not come from one common source, it is 

 scarcely possible to imagine how they are so much alike. For 

 insta.nce, gu-nung here means stercus hominis aut bestiae; in 

 Sanskrit the root-verb is gu. In Samoan, gu-nung is (k)i-no, the 

 same word. Among our Port Stephens blacks, the worst of the 

 e^il spirits is called gunungdhakia = ' stercus edensj In Hebrew, 

 a variant for the name Beelzebub is Beelzebul, which means 

 dominus stercoris. Again, kak is an Aryan root-verb ; in New 

 Guinea it becomes tage (t for k, as is common); in New Britain, 

 tak ; in Samoa, ta'e ; in Aneityum, no-hok and na-heh. The 

 Sanskrit bhaga, which I need not translate, is in Fiji maga; and 

 pi, mi, as I have already shown, is as old as the Assyrians. 



(c). The Tasmanian word for 'sun' is 'pugganubrana or puk- 

 kanebrena or pallanubrana or pan ubrana,' according to Mil- 

 ligan's list. Of these the first is clearly the original form, for the 

 last is merely a contraction of it, and the third substitutes I for g. 

 The last syllable -na is formative, and is exceedingly common in 

 Tasmanian words ; it is, I may observe in passing, exactly the 

 same syllable which is used as a common suffix to form nouns in 

 New Guinea and in the New Britain group, and in a slightly 

 different way also in Aneityum. The remainder of the Tasmanian 

 word is pugga and nubra. Now, nubra or nubre in Tasmanian 

 is ' the eye,' but the vocabularies of that language do not enlighten 

 me as to the meaning of pugga. I would write it bug-a, and 

 connect it with the New Britain word bug (pronounced bung) 

 which means 'day'; thus buganubra would mean 'the eye of 

 day,' that is, 'the sun'; and that is exactly the meaning of mata- 

 ari, the Malay word for the 'sun.' Bug is allied to the Dra vidian 

 pag-al, 'day.' Bug I take from the Sk. bha, 'to shine'; with 

 this compare the derivation of the English word 'day.' 



(d). In the Kamilaroi dialect (N.S.W.), kagul means 'bad,' 'no 

 good'; the -gul here, as elsewhere, is formative, and ka is the root. 

 Now ka is a Sk. prefix meaning 'bad '; in Fiji it is ca, and in the 

 New Hebrides sa; in New Britain it is a-ka-ina. 



(e). The last Australian word which I quote is chinna. This 

 word brings up memories of a blackfellow who often came to my 

 house, and whom we knew as King Bonny — so named, perhaps, 

 because he was so ugly. And yet he was the best specimen I have 

 ever seen of the Negro- Australian, for he had all the typical features 

 of the Negro, although under Australian skies. I have often re- 

 gretted that I did not get his photograph carefully taken, as a 

 good example of one of the types of Australian blacks. But regrets 



