
Cocceidae and Aleurodidae of Madagascar and Comoro Is. 351 
Gascardia madagascariensis Targ.-Tozz. 
Test of young adult female. White, stained rust brown in the region of the single medio- 
dorsal and seven submarginal nuclei; hemispherical with a mammiform swelling immediately below the two 
bilateral nuclei; tip of caudal process uncovered. 
Diameter 3905 mm. 
In the slightly older individuals the cereous test is thicker and evenly rounded with a faint medio- 
dorsal nucleus and sometimes also faint traces of lateral ridges; a more or less interrupted eircle of small 
blackish rings and dendritic-like markings also surround the central nucleus in some individuals. Eventually 
the wax coalesces and forms a large homogeneous mass completely covering the insects and surrounding 
the twig so that eventually all traces of the former nuclei become obliterated. 
Greatest Diameter 4—4,25 mm. 

Young adult female (fig. 1). Dorsum with seven large spine-like submarginal tubercles and 
one medio-dorsal tubercle, of these the median anterior and two posterior ones are the shortest; anterior 
margin clypeate; caudal process shorter but stouter than the tubercle immediately anterior to it. Integument 
ochreous brown; caudal process chestnut brown. Derm (after maceration in potash) surrounding the base 
of the caudal process highly chitinised, the remaining portion thin and transparent; spinnerets (fig. 2) small, 
eircular with 3—4 openings; these organs are scattered over the whole of the dorsal area. Dorsal tubercles 
furnished with branched tubes filled with a granular substance (? wax). Stigmatic clefts (fig. 3) very deep. 
Stigmatic spines (fig. 4) in a large compact group, not reaching to the stigmata, very short, acorn-shaped, 
but there is at least one larger spine which is apparently bifid. Circumgenital glands with subcutaneous 
tubes. Anal ring with several (? 8) long hairs. Anal lobes (fig. 5), at extremity of the caudal process, 
rounded apically, each furnished with three long curved spinose hairs. Antennae (fig. 6) of eight segments 
of which the second, third, and fifth are longest. Anterior tarsi (fig. 7) with a marked pseudo-articulation 
formed by a deep construction on the upper surface midway between the tibio-tarsal articulation and the 
claw; upper digitules simple or with very faint dilation. Mentum monomerous; filaments short. 
Length 2—3 mm. 
