244 



THE ROSE FAMILY. 



1. Raspberry Rubus. Rubus idseus, Linn. (Fig. 301.) 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 2442. Baspberry.) 



Eootstock perennial and creeping; 

 the flowering stems biennial, nearly erect, 

 3 or 4 feet high, more or less downy, 

 and armed with weak prickles. Stipules 

 small, subulate, often inserted some way 

 up the leafstalk. Leaves pinnate ; leaf- 

 lets 5 in the lower leaves, often 3 only 

 in the upper ones, ovate or oblong, 

 pointed, coarsely toothed, of a light green 

 above and whitish underneath. Flowers 

 white, in long panicles at the ends of the 

 short branches. Petals narrow and 

 short. Fruit red, sometimes white in 

 cultivation, usually separating from the 

 receptacle when ripe. 



In woods throughout Europe and 

 Russian Asia. Generally distributed 

 over Britain, but perhaps in some locali- 

 ties escaped from cultivation. Fl. spring 

 or early summer. 



Fiir. 301. 



2. Blackberry Rubus. Rubus fruticosus, Linn. (Fig. 302.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 715, 827, 2572, and Suppl. t. 2604, 2605, 2625, 2631, 2664, 

 and 2714. Bramble. Blackberry.) 



Hootstock perennial, without underground creeping shoots ; the 

 flowering stems biennial, or of few years' duration, sometimes nearly 

 erect, but more frequently arched, straggling or prostrate, often root- 

 ing and forming fresh plants at the extremity, usually armed with 

 prickles, either stout and hooked or thin and straight, with stiff hairs, 

 or glandular bristles, or a short down, all variously intermingled or oc- 

 casionally wanting. Stipules subulate or linear, inserted a short way 

 up the leafstalk. Leaflets rather large, and coarse, either 3 or 5, the 2 or 

 4 lower ones inserted together at some distance below the terminal one, 

 ovate, toothed, more or less downy, the midribs as well as the stalks 

 usually armed with small hooked prickles. Flowers white or pink, 

 in panicles at the ends of the branches. Fruit black, or very rarely 

 dull-red, not separating readily from the receptacle, the calyx usually 

 turned down under it, seldom closing over it as in the Dewberry B. 



