262 



THE ROSE FAMILY. 



Calyx-tube ovoid or oblong, without prickles or bristles. 



Leaflets very glandular, doubly toothed . . . . . 3. Sweetbrlar R. 

 Leaflets without glands, or very few on the edges only, 



simply or rarely doubly toothed 4. Dog R. 



Styles united in a column, protruding from the calyx. 



Stem very trailing 5. Field R. 



The most common exotic Roses in our cottage gardens are the Cab- 

 bage and Moss Hoses, varieties of the R. centifolia, of uncertain origin 

 (perhaps not distinct from the R. gallica, from central and southern 

 Europe) ; the Ayrshire Rose, a cultivated variety of the south Euro- 

 pean R. sempervirens ; and the China Roses, varieties of the Asiatic 

 R. indie a ; but several other species from Europe, Asia, and JNorth 

 America, are also in general cultivation, and are among the parents of 

 the numerous garden-hybrids. 



1. Burnet Rose. Rosa pimpinellifolia, Linn. (Fig. 323.) 



(R. spinosissima, Eng. Bot. t. 187. R. involuta, t. 2068 ? and R. ru- 

 bella, t. 2521.) 



A small, erect, very much branched 

 shrub, usually under a foot high when 

 wild, and seldom above 2 feet in culti- 

 vation, usually armed with numerous 

 unequal, mostly straight, rather slender 

 prickles, often more or less intermixed 

 with glandular hairs. Leaflets small, 7 

 9 to each leaf, glabrous or with 



or 



a minute glandular down ; the teeth 

 simple, or very rarely again toothed. 

 Flowers rather small, white or pink, 

 solitary at the end of the short branches ; 

 the floral stipules small. Calyx globu- 

 lar, or slightly ovoid, and smooth ; the 

 segments lanceolate, and almost always 

 entire. Carpels all sessile, with free 

 styles. Fruit black, or rarely red, glo- 

 bular or nearly so, crowned by the per- 

 sistent segments of the calyx. 



In dry, bushy wastes, either near the sea or on dry, heathy hills, 

 widely spread over Europe and temperate Asia, ascending occasionally 

 to considerable elevations, but not extending to the Arctic regions. Com- 

 mon in Scotland and in several parts of England and Ireland, gene- 

 rally not far from the sea. Fl. spring or early summer, and sometimes 

 again later. This is the origin of the Scotch Roses of our gardens. 



