264 



THE ROSE FAMILY. 



ways doubly toothed ; the flowers pink, usually solitary, rather smaller 

 than in the dog R. Fruit ovoid or oblong, smooth or rarely bearing 

 a very few small prickles. 



In hedges and thickets, in central and southern Europe and central 

 Asia, extending northwards into Scandinavia. In Britain, chiefly in 

 southern and eastern England, apparently rare in northern and western 

 England, Scotland, and Ireland. Fl. early summer. 



4. Dog Rose. Rosa eanina, Linn. (Eig. 326.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 992.) 



Eootstock woody, frequently pro- 

 ducing suckers. Stems of several years* 

 duration, often the first year erect and 

 simple to the height of 3 or 4 feet ; the 

 flowering stems of two or more years 

 branched, rather weak and straggling, 

 attaining 6 or 8 feet in length, usually 

 glabrous, and without glands, armed 

 with curved or hooked prickles. Leaf- 

 lets 5 or sometimes 7, ovate, usually 

 simply toothed and glabrous, or downy 

 on the under side, and then often doubly 

 toothed. Elowers pink or white, usually 

 sweet-scented, solitary or 3 or 4 together 

 at the ends of the branches ; the stipules 

 of the undeveloped floral leaves forming 

 elliptical bracts. Fruit ovoid or rarely 

 globular, without bristles, although 

 there are often a few on the pedicels ; 

 the 5 divisions of the calyx persistent, spreading or reflexed, either all 

 dilated at the top and entire, or more frequently one pinnate on both 

 sides, two on one side only, and the other two entire. Styles free, but 

 collected in a dense hairy mass scarcely protruding from the orifice of 

 the calyx-tube. Central carpels always distinctly stalked, according 

 to Koch, a character which requires further verification. 



In hedges and thickets, the commonest Rose throughout Europe 

 and Russian Asia. Abundant in Britain. Fl. summer, rather early. 

 It varies considerably in the foliage, either quite glabrous or more or 

 less downy, especially underneath, and often glandular at the edges, 

 but never so much so as in the Sweetbriar R., nor so downy as in 

 the downy R., from which it is usually readily distinguished by the 

 prickles and the fruit. The plants figured in * English Botany ' as 

 R. eollina, t. 1895, R. ccesia, t. 23G7, R. sarmentacea, Suppl. t. 2595, 



Fig, 326. 



