268 



THE ROSE FAMILY. 



small acrid fruit known under the name of Crab- Apple, but the Apples, 

 Pippins, Codllns, etc., of our orchards all belong to the same species. 



3. Beam Pyrus. Pyrus Aria, Ehrh. (Fig. 330.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1858. White Beam-tree.) 



Often a mere shrub, but growing into 

 a tree of moderate size, with a rather 

 broad head ; the inflorescence, the young 

 shoots, and the under side of the leaves 

 covered with a soft, white cotton. 

 Leaves ovate or obovate, green and gla- 

 brous on the upper side, always sharply 

 toothed, sometimes undivided, sometimes 

 more or less pinnately lobed ; the lobes 

 rounded at the top, and not acuminate 

 as in the cut-leaved P. Flowers white, 

 in corymbs at the ends of short, leafy 

 branches, but not near so numerous as 

 in the Hoivan-tree, and rather larger, the 

 lateral peduncles bearing seldom more 

 than 3 or 4. Styles usually 2 only. Berries globular or ovoid, and red. 

 In woods, in central Europe, and in the mountain-ranges of southern 

 Europe and central Asia, extending eastward to the Altai and Hima- 

 laya, and northward into Scandinavia. Generally distributed over 

 Britain, but more frequent in England and Ireland than in Scotland. 

 Fl. spring or early summer. The cut-leaved varieties are sometimes con- 

 sidered as species, under the name of P. intermedia or P. scandica, 

 when the lobes are not deep, and P. pinnatifida (Eng. Bot. t. 2331) or 

 P.fennica, when the lower ones reach the midrib; the former is not 

 uncommon in the north of Europe, and is occasionally found in Scot- 

 land ; the other appears to be of garden origin. 



Tig. 330. 



4. Cut-leaved Pyrus. Pyrus torminalis, Ehrh. (Fig. 331.) 



(Cratcegus, Eng. Bot. t. 298. Wild Service-tree.) 



A tall shrub or moderately-sized tree, with the inflorescence and 

 under side of the leaves, when young, clothed with a loose down, 

 which disappears as they grow old. Leafstalks slender ; leaves broad, 

 and divided to near the middle into a few broad, pointed lobes, 

 bordered with small teeth. Flowers in corymbs at the ends of short 

 leafy branches, white, fewer and larger than in the Roivan P. ; *more 



