CRASSULACBJl. 



293 



1. Wall Cotyledon. Cotyledon umbilicus, Linn. (Fig. 357.) 

 (Eng. Bot. t. 179. Pennywort. Navelwort.) 



Stock perennial, almost woody. Ra- 

 dical and lower leaves on long stalks, 

 fleshy, orbicular, broadly crenate, and 

 more or less peltate. Flowering stems 

 erect, from 6 inches to a foot high, sim- 

 ple or slightly branched, leafy at the 

 base only, and bearing a long raceme 

 of pendulous, yellowish-green flowers. 

 Calyx very small. Corolla cylindrical, 

 about 3 lines long, becoming afterwards 

 somewhat enlarged, with 5 short teeth, 

 and enclosing the adnate stamens and 

 the carpels. 



On rocks, walls, and old buildings, in 

 western Europe, extending eastward 

 round the greater part of the Mediter- 

 ranean, southwards to the Canary Is- 

 lands, and northwards to Ireland, west- 

 ern England, and the south-west corner 

 of Scotland. It occurs more sparingly along the south coast of Eng 

 land, and occasionally in some of the eastern counties. Fl. summer. 



Fig. 357. 



III. SEDUM. SEDUM. 



Succulent herbs, sometimes woody at the base, with scattered leaves, 

 occasionally opposite or whorled, especially at the base, or on barren 

 stems ; and yellow, white, reddish, or blue flowers, in terminal cymes 

 or corymbs. Sepals 4 to 6 (usually 5). Petals as many, distinct. 

 Stamens twice as many. Carpels as many as the petals, each with an 

 entire or emarginate scale at the base, and containing several seeds. 



A widely diffused genus, numerous in species, especially in central 

 and southern Europe and central Asia, but extending also into North 

 America, and the mountains of South America. A large number of 

 the smaller, thick-leaved species are found on dry rocks or stony places, 

 whence the popular name of Stonecrop applied to several of them. 



Leaves flat, broad. 



Flowers dioecious, with 4 sepals and petals 1. Roseroot 



Flowers hermaphrodite, in large corymbs, with 5 sepals 



and petals 2. Orpine S. 



