322 



THE UMBELLATE FAMILY. 



,z r f Fruit 10 lines to above an inch long . : 47 



I Fruit not above half an inch long 48 



a h f Fruit thick, with prominent angles or ribs the whole length 30. Cicely. 

 I Fruit slightly ribbed at the base, with a long smooth beak 29. Scandix. 



Aft J Fruits mostly sessile or nearly so 16. CEnanth. 



I Fruits all pedicellate 32. Chervil. 



I. HYDROCOTYLE. HYDROCOTYLE. 



Herbs, mostly, aquatic, with leaves often peltate. Flowers in a 

 small simple head or umbel, or in 2 or more whorls one above the other. 

 Petals ovate. Fruit laterally compressed, the carpels flat, nearly or- 

 bicular, placed edge to edge, w T ith one prominent rib on each side, and 

 without any prominent calycine teeth. 



A rather large genus, spread over the greater part of the globe, and, 

 notwithstanding some rather anomalous South African species, readily 

 known as well by its foliage and inflorescence as by its fruit. 



1. Common Hydrocotyle. Hydrocotyle vulgaris, Linn. 



(Fig. 391.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 751. Marsh Pennywort. White-rot.) 



The perennial slender stem creeps 

 along the wet mud, or even floats in 

 w r ater, rooting at every node, and emit- 

 ting from the same point small tufts of 

 leaves and flowers. Leaves orbicular, 

 \ to 1 inch diameter, crenate or slightly 

 lobed, and attached by the centre to a 

 rather long stalk. Peduncles shorter 

 than the leafstalks, with a single termi- 

 nal head, or 2 or even 3 whorls of mi- 

 nute white flowers on very short pedicels. 

 Fin- 391. Fruits small, flat, and glabrous, about a 



line in diameter. 

 In bogs, marshes, edges of ponds and lakes, in temperate Europe, 



from southern Scandinavia to the Caucasus. Frequent in Britain. Fl. 



summer. 



II. SANICLE. SANICULA. 



Herbs, with a perennial rootstock ; palmately divided leaves mostly 

 radical ; and erect, almost leafless stems, irregularly branched at the 

 top, each branch ending in a very small head of flowers. Fruit ovoid, 

 covered with short, hooked prickles, and crowned by the 5 prickly 

 teeth at the calyx. Petals minute, obovate, with an inflected point. 



