358 



THE UMBELLATE FAMILY. 



but not strictly biennial as commonly 

 supposed ; the whole plant more or less 

 rough with short, stiff hairs. Leaves 

 pinnate, with 3, 5, or 7 large, broad 

 segments, usually 3-lobed and toothed, 

 from 3 to 5 inches long and at least as 

 broad, sometimes more numerous and 

 much narrower. Umbels large, of about 

 20 rays, the outer petals much larger 

 than the others. Carpels nearly orbi- 

 cular, 3 or 4 lines long ; the vittas very 

 conspicuous, often only reaching half- 

 way down the fruit. 



In meadows, pastures, hedges, and 

 thickets, throughout Europe and Rus- 

 sian Asia. In Britain, one of the com- 

 monest of our Umbellates . Fl. summer 

 and autumn. 



Fig. 432. 



XXVIII. HARTWORT. TORDYLIUM. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with general and partial in- 

 volucres. Flowers white or pink, the outer petals often larger. Fruits 

 flattened from front to back, with a single thick border (splitting only 

 by the separation of the carpels), and covered with stiff hairs or tuber- 

 cles. Carpels broad, with the ribs scarcely visible, and 1 or 3 vittas 

 under the interstices. 



A small genus, chiefly from the Mediterranean region, with the 

 appearance of Caucalis, but readily known by the flat fruit. 



1. Great Hartwort. Tordylium maximum, Linn. (Fig. 433.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 1173.) 



An erect annual, 2 feet or rather more in height, rough with short, 

 stiff hairs. Leaves pinnate, with 5, 7, or segments, lanceolate or al- 

 most ovate, and coarsely toothed ; the lateral ones 1 to 2 inches, the 

 terminal ones usually longer. Umbels terminal, of 8 to 10 short rays, 

 with a few rather long, narrow bracts to the involucres. Petals all 



