UMBELLIFER.E. 365 



frequent in England and Ireland, more scarce in Scotland. Fl. spring 

 and early summer. 



XXXIII. CATJCALIS. CAUCALIS. 



Hairy annuals, with dissected leaves. Umbels usually compound, 

 with partial involucres of several simple bracts, or rarely wanting. 

 Outer petals usually larger, and deeply bifid. Fruit ovoid, covered 

 with prickles or bristles. Carpels with 3 or 7 dorsal ribs, and 2 on the 

 inner face ; vittas single under each furrow. Albumen more or less 

 furrowed on the inner face. 



A small European, Asiatic, and African genus, one of the few natural 

 ones in the family, if retained entire. It is well distinguished from 

 Carrot by the involucre, the shape of the fruit, and of the albumen ; 

 from the bristle-fruited Chervils by the want of the smooth tip to the 

 fruit ; from all other British compound Umbellates by the bristled 

 fruits. 



Umbels opposite to the leaves, sessile, or on peduncles shorter 

 than the rays. 

 Umbels contracted into little sessile heads. Fruit short . 1. Knotted C. 

 Umbels of 3 or 4 slender rays. Fruit oblong, with a 



short beak Burr Chervil. 



Umbels terminal, or on peduncles longer than the rays. 

 Fruit not 2 lines long, with short bristles, mostly hooked. 

 General involucre of several bracts (often very small), 



one under each of the outer rays 2. Upright C. 



General involucre of a single bract or entirely wanting 3. Spreading C. 

 Fruit 3 or 4 lines long or more, with long prickles. 



Leaves twice or thrice pinnate, with much cut, short 



segments 4. Small C. 



Leaves once pinnate, with long pinnatifid segments . 5. Broad C. 



1. Knotted Caucalis. Cauealis nodosa, Sm. (Fig. 440.) 



(Eng. Bot. t. 199. Torilis, Brit. Fl.) 



Stems procumbent or spreading, scarcely a foot long. Leaves twice 

 pinnate, with small, narrow, pointed segments. Umbels forming little 

 heads, closely sessile, and opposite to the leaves ; they are sometimes 

 composed of 2 or 3 exceedingly short, scarcely distinct rays, sometimes 

 of a simple cluster. Fruits smaller than in the other species ; the 

 outer ones covered with short, straight or hooked bristles, which on the 

 inner ones are reduced to mere tubercles. 



