478 



THE COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



Fig. 573. 



On roadsides, borders of fields, and 

 waste places, in southern and central 

 Europe, as far as southern Scandinavia, 

 in temperate Russia and central Asia, 

 and now spread as a weed of cultivation 

 to many other parts of the world. 

 Abundant in the greater part of Eng- 

 land, but does not perhaps extend into 

 Scotland, and has only been found in 

 one place, at Portmarnock, in Ireland. 

 Fl. summer and autumn. 



XXXI. HAWKBXT. LEONTODON. 



Herbs, with a perennial stock, radical, spreading leaves, simple or 

 slightly branched, usually leafless flower-stems, and yellow flowers. 

 Involucres of several nearly equal, erect, inner bracts, and two or 

 three rows of smaller outer ones. Receptacle without bracts between 

 the florets. Achenes more or less tapering at the top into a short 

 beak, sometimes scarcely perceptible. Pappus of all, or at least the 

 central florets, composed of feathery hairs. 



A genus not numerous in species, but abundantly spread over Eu- 

 rope and Russian Asia. It was formerly united with Dandelion, from 

 which it has been separated on account of the feathery pappus. 



All the achenes with a pappus of feathery hairs. 



Hairy plant, with simple flower-stems. Pappus with an 



outer row of minute, simple hairs 1. Common H. 



Plant nearly glabrous. Flower-stems often divided, en- 

 larged under the flower-heads. All the hairs of the 



pappus of equal length .2. Autumnal H. 



Achenes of the outer row of florets with a pappus of very 



short, simple hairs. Flower-stems simple . . . . 3. Lesser H. 



